Multifunctional Ventilator Interface with Jet Pump Air Entrainment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ventilation systems are not well-suited for delivering supplemental oxygen from an oxygen concentrator, requiring high pressures and flows that are not compatible with existing ventilator systems, leading to the need for separate systems for ventilation and oxygen therapy, which can be inconvenient and inefficient for patients.
Innovation Solution
A multifunctional ventilator interface with tri-lumen tubing and a jet pump system that allows for selective delivery of ventilation and continuous oxygen therapy, using high-pressure and low-pressure gas lumens, along with a pressure sensing lumen, to facilitate the integration of supplemental oxygen and ambient air entrainment, enabling convenient switching between therapies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a ventilator system is designed to deliver high-pressure breathable gas to patients, then ventilation effectiveness is improved, but compatibility with oxygen concentrators is worsened due to pressure and flow requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patient circuit is divided into separate lumens: a first lumen for high-pressure breathable gas delivery and a second lumen for low-pressure oxygen delivery. This segmentation allows each gas source to operate at its optimal pressure and flow characteristics independently, resolving the contradiction between ventilation effectiveness and oxygen concentrator compatibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patient interface device is designed with multi-functionality to accommodate both ventilator and oxygen concentrator connections simultaneously. The device includes multiple ports and lumens that can handle different gas types and pressure requirements, making it a universal interface that supports both ventilation therapy and supplemental oxygen delivery without compromising either function.
2Reliability
If separate systems are used for ventilation and oxygen therapy, then each system can be optimized for its specific function, but patient convenience is worsened due to the need to switch between devices
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the ventilation and oxygen delivery systems into a single integrated patient interface device. Both functions share common components including the nasal interface, tubing, and control mechanisms, allowing patients to receive both therapies simultaneously through one device rather than switching between separate systems, thereby improving convenience while maintaining functional optimization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patient interface device is designed with multi-functionality to accommodate both ventilator and oxygen concentrator connections simultaneously. The device includes multiple ports and lumens that can handle different gas types and pressure requirements, making it a universal interface that supports both ventilation therapy and supplemental oxygen delivery without compromising either function.
3Ease of operation
If a single multifunctional system is used for both ventilation and oxygen therapy, then patient convenience is improved, but system complexity increases due to multiple lumens and gas pathways
Solution Approach 1:
The patient circuit is divided into separate lumens: a first lumen for high-pressure breathable gas delivery and a second lumen for low-pressure oxygen delivery. This segmentation allows each gas source to operate at its optimal pressure and flow characteristics independently, resolving the contradiction between ventilation effectiveness and oxygen concentrator compatibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows for efficient and convenient delivery of both ventilation and oxygen therapy using a single system, reducing the need for multiple devices and improving patient convenience by optimizing gas flow and pressure management.
Implementation Method 1
incorporating at least one 'Venturi effect' jet pump proximal to the patient
Implementation Method 2
facilitate air entrainment through the entrainment port and mixing of the entrained air with the gas concurrently introduced into the ventilation gas pathway
Data Source
AI summary
A multifunctional ventilator interface for selectively providing ventilation and continuous oxygen therapy to a patient includes tubing defining a high-pressure gas lumen, a low-pressure gas lumen, and a pressure sensing lumen, a manifold housing defining a gas pathway, a jet pump housing coupled to the manifold housing and defining an entrainment port, a sleeve rotatably engaged to the jet pump housing, and a jet nozzle defining high- and low-pressure jet nozzle outlet ports operative to introduce gas from the high- and low-pressure gas lumens into the gas pathway. The sleeve includes first and second windows selectively alignable with the entrainment port by rotation of the sleeve, the first window configured to allow ambient air to flow into the entrainment port when at least partially aligned therewith, the second window being covered by a one-way valve configured to prevent ambient air from flowing into the entrainment port but to allow exhalation out of the entrainment port when the second window is at least partially aligned therewith.