Ventilator Turbine Motor Control Without Hall Sensors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for controlling turbine motors in ventilators rely on Hall sensors, which can introduce torque pulsation, vibration, and noise, and are susceptible to external interference leading to motor stalling or damage.
Innovation Solution
A method and system using a magnetic chain observer to calculate the angle of the turbine rotor, allowing for field-oriented control without Hall sensors, thereby reducing noise and vibration and improving motor stability and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If Hall sensors are used for angle detection in turbine motor control, then the motor can be driven using six-step commutation or field-oriented control, but torque pulsation occurs during commutation resulting in vibration and noise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes Hall sensors from the turbine motor control system and replaces them with a magnetic chain observer-based sensorless control approach. This extraction of the problematic Hall sensor component eliminates the source of torque pulsation and vibration while maintaining motor control capability through mathematical modeling and observer-based angle estimation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the physical Hall sensor-based detection system with a computational magnetic chain observer system that uses voltage and current measurements combined with motor mathematical models to estimate rotor angle. This substitution transitions from physical sensor-based control to model-based sensorless control, eliminating mechanical vibration sources.
2Ease of operation
If Hall sensors are used for angle detection, then the motor can be controlled, but the system becomes susceptible to external interference causing signal noise leading to commutation failure, motor stalling or damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the vulnerable Hall sensor component from the control system, eliminating the interface that is susceptible to external electromagnetic interference. The magnetic chain observer processes voltage and current signals through mathematical models, which are inherently more noise-resistant than direct Hall sensor readings.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a magnetic chain observer as an intermediary computational layer between the electrical measurements and the control decisions. This observer uses mathematical models to filter and process signals, acting as a mediator that protects the control system from external interference and noise that would directly affect Hall sensor-based control.
3Ease of operation
If Hall sensors are used for angle detection, then three sensors are needed for control, but this increases device complexity and introduces torque pulsation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes all Hall sensors from the system, reducing the component count from three sensors to zero physical angle detection devices. The magnetic chain observer achieves angle estimation computationally using only voltage and current measurements, eliminating the need for physical sensor hardware.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the physical Hall sensor array with a computational magnetic chain observer system. This substitution eliminates the need for three physical sensors by using mathematical modeling and signal processing to estimate rotor position, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining control capability.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and a system for controlling a turbine motor of a ventilator is provided. The method includes: obtaining current information and voltage information of the turbine motor; inputting the current information and the voltage information into a magnetic chain observer to obtain an angle of a turbine rotor; and performing field-oriented control on the turbine motor based on the angle of the turbine rotor. In this way, precise driving and control of the turbine motor is achieved, performance and stability of the turbine motor is improved. The magnetic chain observer has good convergence when the turbine motor is at a lower rotational speed, and the turbine motor can be started directly in a closed-loop manner without positioning or being in an open-loop manner. Therefore, time consumed for starting the turbine motor is reduced, and reliability of the starting is improved.