Gas Particle Separator Using Venturi and Cyclone Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing gas separation devices for removing dusty, gaseous, or liquid substances from gas flows are inefficient due to high pressure losses, insufficient selectivity, and complex installation requirements, particularly in confined spaces and during retrofitting, with elaborate systems requiring large spaces and being difficult to implement effectively.
Innovation Solution
A device featuring a pipeline with a venturi restriction, injection nozzles for liquid introduction, a displacement body forming an annular gap, and guide vanes to generate a rotational flow, enhancing separation efficiency through increased shearing forces and droplet formation, allowing for compact integration into existing systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If elaborate separators with high selectivity are used, then separation efficiency is improved, but installation space requirement increases and device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple separation mechanisms (cyclone separation, bag filtration, and electrostatic precipitation) into a single integrated device with a compact cylindrical structure. The cyclone separator, bag filter, and electrostatic precipitator are arranged concentrically within the same housing, allowing high separation efficiency to be achieved without requiring multiple separate units and large installation space.
Solution Approach 2:
The device employs a nested configuration where the bag filter is positioned inside the cyclone separator, and the electrostatic precipitator is integrated within the same housing. This nested arrangement allows multiple separation stages to occupy overlapping spatial volumes, significantly reducing the overall footprint while maintaining high selectivity and separation efficiency.
2Manufacturing precision
If elaborate separators with high selectivity are used, then separation efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates three distinct separation mechanisms (cyclone, bag filter, electrostatic precipitator) into a single unified device with a common housing and integrated control system. This merging reduces device complexity by eliminating the need for multiple separate units, multiple control systems, and complex interconnections between separate devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The device is designed as a multi-functional separation system that can handle various particle sizes and types through a single integrated unit. The cyclone separator handles larger particles, the bag filter captures medium-sized particles, and the electrostatic precipitator removes fine particles, providing universal separation capability across different contamination scenarios without requiring device changes.
3Manufacturing precision
If countercurrent separators are used, then separation capability is improved, but pressure loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cyclone separator is positioned as the first stage to perform preliminary separation of larger particles before the gas stream enters the bag filter and electrostatic precipitator. This preliminary action removes the bulk of particulate matter early in the process, reducing the loading and pressure drop across subsequent separation stages and minimizing overall pressure loss while maintaining high separation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The device employs dynamic flow management where the gas stream progressively moves through different separation zones with varying flow rates and directions. The cyclone creates a high-velocity rotating flow for initial separation, followed by a controlled flow through the bag filter, and finally a low-velocity field in the electrostatic precipitator. This dynamic approach optimizes separation efficiency at each stage while minimizing energy loss.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves improved selectivity and efficiency with reduced pressure loss and installation complexity, enabling effective separation of foreign particles and gases in a single device, suitable for various contaminants, including VOCs and fine dust, with adjustable operation and compact design.
Implementation Method 1
a pipeline with an inlet opening for introducing the gas flow to be treated; a venturi restriction in the tubing
Implementation Method 2
at least one injection nozzle arranged in front of or in the venturi throat for injecting liquid into the pipeline... The high shearing forces that occur between the gas flow and the liquid lead to the formation of very fine liquid droplets
Implementation Method 3
a displacement body arranged in the pipeline, which forms an annular gap with the inner lateral surface of the pipeline... guide vanes are provided, which are arranged on the displacement body or in the region of the displacement body on the reveal of the pipeline
Implementation Method 4
downstream of the displacement body, the pipeline has a device for removing foreign particles from the peripheral area of its cross section and cleaned gas from the central area of its cross section
Data Source
Figure 1~3
AI summary
The invention relates to a device and method for separating foreign particles out of a gas stream. To this end the apparatus comprises the following features: a pipeline (1) having an inlet opening (2) for introduction of the gas stream to be treated; a Venturi constriction (3) in the pipeline (1); at least one injection nozzle (4) disposed before or in the Venturi constriction (3) for injection of liquid into the pipeline; a displacement body (5) which is disposed in the pipeline (1), which forms an annular gap together with the internal shell surface of the pipeline (1) and which extends in the axial direction at least over the outlet region of the Venturi constriction (3); guide vanes (6) are provided which are disposed on the displacement member (5) or in the region of the displacement member (5) on the lining of the pipeline (1); downstream of the displacement body (5) the pipeline (1) has an arrangement for discharging foreign particles out of the circumferential region of the cross-section and purified gas out of the central region of the cross-section.