Venturi Evacuation Device for Smoke Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire extinguishing and smoke extraction systems are limited in their ability to efficiently transport gases and particles out of a room, particularly in creating a negative pressure environment for effective smoke removal and cooling during a fire.
Innovation Solution
The evacuation device features a venturi nozzle with a duct system and nebulizing nozzles connected to a water reservoir, using pressurized water to activate the system, creating a negative pressure environment for gas and particle removal, and includes temperature and smoke sensors for automated operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a duct system is used to transport gases out of a room, then gas transport capability is improved, but the system cannot effectively create negative pressure for efficient smoke removal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a venturi nozzle that utilizes hydraulic principles to generate negative pressure. Pressurized water is injected through nozzles into the venturi duct, creating a pressure differential that draws smoke and gases out of the room. This pneumatic-hydraulic mechanism simultaneously achieves both gas transport and smoke removal efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the pressure parameter dynamically by injecting pressurized water into the venturi nozzle. This creates a variable pressure field that generates negative pressure zones for smoke extraction while maintaining positive pressure for gas transport, resolving the contradiction between transport capability and smoke removal efficiency.
2Temperature
If water is used for cooling during fire, then cooling effect is improved, but the system lacks integrated smoke extraction capability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the cooling function and smoke extraction function into a single integrated system. The venturi nozzle serves dual purposes: injecting water for cooling while simultaneously creating the pressure differential needed for smoke removal. This combination resolves the contradiction between cooling effectiveness and smoke extraction capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The venturi duct system performs multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a water injection system for cooling, a pressure generation device for smoke extraction, and a transport duct for gases. This multi-functionality enhances adaptability while maintaining effective cooling performance.
3Reliability
If a barrier is added to seal the duct in standby state, then system reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The barrier system is designed to be self-activating through pressure differential. In standby state, the barrier seals the duct automatically. When pressurized water flows through the venturi nozzle, the resulting pressure differential automatically opens the barrier without requiring external control mechanisms, thus maintaining reliability while minimizing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure differential created by the venturi nozzle acts as an intermediary that controls the barrier state. This pressure mediator automatically transitions the barrier between sealed and open states, providing reliable sealing in standby while avoiding complex mechanical control systems.
4Productivity
If nebulizing nozzles are added for smoke removal, then smoke extraction efficiency is improved, but water consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The nebulizing nozzles convert liquid water into fine droplets that rapidly evaporate in the hot smoke environment. This phase transition from liquid to vapor provides efficient cooling and smoke extraction while using minimal water quantity, as the evaporative process absorbs large amounts of heat per unit mass of water.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the physical state of water from liquid to vapor through nebulization and evaporation. This parameter change enables highly efficient smoke extraction through vaporization cooling, achieving high productivity with reduced water consumption compared to liquid water spray systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively transports gases and particles out of a room, provides cooling through nebulized water, and ensures efficient smoke removal and fire extinguishing by creating a negative pressure environment, enhancing the performance of existing systems.
Implementation Method 1
Negative pressure is created, which causes the gas to be transported out
Implementation Method 2
the duct comprises a venturi nozzle with an inflow portion, an outflow portion and an intermediate tapered portion
Implementation Method 3
the driving means comprise one or more nozzles arranged for connection to a liquid reservoir and configured to send nebulized liquid into the duct
Implementation Method 4
water vaporizing nozzles placed in a holder at the inflow to the inflow portion
Data Source
Figure 1~3
Figure 4~5
Figure 6~8b
AI summary
An evacuation device (1) for transporting gas and/or particles out of a room (R) comprises mounting means (7, 9) for installation in a wall (3) of the room such that an inflow end (6) is located on the face of the wall (3) that faces the inside of the room and an outflow end (8) is located outside the room. The evacuation device comprises a duct (2) extending between the inflow end and the outflow end, and a barrier (12) is releasably attached in the duct to seal it when the evacuation device is in a standby state. Driving means (21) are arranged to guide at least one flow of fluid (W) through the duct when the evacuation device is in an activated state. In one embodiment, the duct comprises a venturi nozzle, and the driving means comprise a number of water nozzles located upstream of the inflow end of the venturi nozzle.