Vermin Control Compositions with Dermal Disruptant Carrier
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vermicidal and rodenticidal compositions have suboptimal transdermal penetration of toxic agents into animal skin, leading to inefficiencies in systemic killing functions, with known formulations far from ideal in terms of efficacy.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a toxicant component and a carrier system with a solvent or dispersant and a dermal disruptant component to enhance transdermal penetration, including dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol, which promotes dermal penetration of toxic agents into the bloodstream.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional solvent-based carrier systems are used for toxicant delivery, then the composition can be manufactured and applied easily, but the transdermal penetration of toxic agents into animal skin is suboptimal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining multiple carrier components (solvent, surfactant, and penetration enhancer) into a unified carrier system. This composite approach enables synergistic effects where each component contributes specific functionality: the solvent dissolves the toxicant, the surfactant reduces surface tension for better skin contact, and the penetration enhancer actively facilitates transdermal absorption, collectively achieving superior penetration efficacy compared to simple solvents alone.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by modifying the chemical and physical properties of the carrier system. Specifically, it adjusts parameters such as solubility characteristics, surface tension, and membrane permeability through the selection and concentration of specific components. The penetration enhancer component actively changes the physical state of the skin barrier, temporarily increasing its permeability to allow enhanced toxicant delivery while maintaining system manufacturability.
2Reliability
If higher doses of toxic agents are used to compensate for poor penetration, then killing effectiveness may be maintained, but environmental impact and human exposure risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a penetration enhancer as an intermediary substance that mediates between the toxicant and the animal's skin. This intermediary component facilitates the transfer of the toxicant across the skin barrier by temporarily disrupting or opening the skin's protective layers, allowing effective doses to be delivered with lower overall toxicant quantities, thereby reducing environmental impact and non-target exposure risks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the delivery parameters of the toxicant by using the carrier system to control release kinetics and enhance bioavailability. This ensures that the toxicant is delivered efficiently at the target site (skin and bloodstream), maintaining killing effectiveness while minimizing the total amount of toxicant needed, thus reducing harmful environmental factors and exposure risks to non-target organisms.
3Reliability
If toxicant composition is applied topically to achieve systemic killing function, then the mechanism depends on chemical nature and skin penetration ability, but current formulations are far from ideal in terms of efficacy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials to create a multi-component carrier system that addresses the limitations of simple solvent formulations. The composite structure integrates substances with complementary properties: solvents for toxicant dissolution, surfactants for enhanced skin wetting and contact, and penetration enhancers for active facilitation of transdermal transport. This composite approach achieves ideal formulation efficacy by optimizing each component's contribution to the overall systemic killing function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary substances (surfactants and penetration enhancers) that mediate the interaction between the toxicant composition and the animal's skin. These intermediaries improve the chemical compatibility and physical contact between the formulation and skin surface, enhancing absorption efficiency. The penetration enhancer specifically acts as a mediator that temporarily modifies skin permeability, ensuring reliable systemic delivery of the toxicant with precisely controlled formulation parameters.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The enhanced transdermal delivery of toxic agents results in improved toxicity effects with reduced doses, increasing efficiency and effectiveness in vermin control while minimizing environmental impact and human exposure.
Implementation Method 1
a carrier system for the toxicant component; wherein the carrier system (ii) comprises: (a) at least one solvent or dispersant for the toxicant component, and (b) at least one dermal disruptant component
Implementation Method 2
at least one dermal disruptant component which promotes dermal penetration of the toxicant component into the bloodstream
Data Source
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AI summary
A liquid composition for killing a target verminous animal selected from the group consisting of rodents, marsupials, leporids and mustelids, the composition comprising: (i) from 0.001 to 90% by weight of the composition of a toxicant component comprising one or more agents toxic to the target animal, the toxicant component being present in the composition in an amount sufficient to kill the target animal when a dose of the composition is applied to the skin of the target animal; and (ii) a carrier system for the toxicant component, wherein the carrier system (ii) comprises: (a) from 1 to 99 % by weight of the carrier system of a liquid solvent or dispersant for the toxicant component, which solvent or dispersant is selected from one or more compounds from any of the following: alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, glycerol formal, polyethylene glycols, liquid polyoxyethylene glycols, pyrrolidones, acetone, acetonitrile, amides, phthalic esters; and (b) from 20 to 90% by weight of the carrier system of a dermal disruptant component for promoting or enhancing passage of the toxicant component into and/or through the skin of the target animal, wherein the dermal disruptant component comprises one or more substances selected from the following groups: sulfoxides, amides, hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers. The compositions are sprayable and provide enhanced dermal penetration of the toxicant into and through the skin of the animal onto which the composition is delivered, e.g. in a trap or other apparatus.