Vertical Semiconductor Device Superjunction Gate Pad Pitch Optimization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Vertical semiconductor devices with superjunction structures face challenges in achieving high avalanche withstand, turn-off withstand, and reverse recovery withstand due to dynamic avalanche and false firing issues, particularly under high current density conditions.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a guard ring structure, RESURF structure, and field plate structure within the voltage withstanding structure region, along with a specific arrangement of parallel pn layers and a n-type isolation region, which reduces electrical field concentration and enhances charge balance, thereby improving breakdown voltage and reducing on-state resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If the n-type drift layer is thickened to increase breakdown voltage, then the current capacity decreases due to increased on-state resistance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebreakdown voltageVSAvoidcurrent capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The n-type drift layer is segmented into multiple n-type drift regions separated by p-type partition regions, forming a superjunction structure. This segmentation allows each n-type drift region to be thinner (reducing on-state resistance) while the combined structure provides the necessary breakdown voltage through the alternating pn layers that extend depletion regions across the entire structure during reverse bias.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the drift layer have different impurity concentrations optimized for their specific functions. The n-type drift regions have higher impurity concentrations to reduce on-state resistance, while the p-type partition regions have lower concentrations to enable proper depletion extension. This local optimization allows simultaneous achievement of low conduction loss and high breakdown voltage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If high current density is applied to reduce on-state resistance, then dynamic avalanche and false firing occur under the gate pad electrode

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveon-state resistanceVSAvoiddynamic avalanche and false firing
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The superjunction structure implements local quality variations with different repetition pitches in different regions. Under the gate pad electrode, the repetition pitch is specifically optimized to prevent electric field concentration that would cause dynamic avalanche and false firing, while still maintaining low on-state resistance through appropriate carrier density control in the n-type drift regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The p-type partition regions, which initially might seem to increase complexity, actually serve to redistribute the electric field uniformly across the device. By converting the potential harm of electric field concentration into a beneficial uniform field distribution, the structure prevents dynamic avalanche while maintaining the low resistance path needed for high current density operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Ease of manufacture

If the parallel pn layers are configured with uniform width throughout the device, then manufacturing is simplified but avalanche withstand and turn-off withstand are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuniform layer configurationVSAvoidavalanche withstand and turn-off withstand
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements non-uniform repetition pitches of the parallel pn layers in different device regions. Under the gate pad electrode, a specific repetition pitch is used to optimize avalanche withstand and turn-off withstand by controlling the electric field distribution during transient conditions, while other regions may use different pitches optimized for their specific functions. This local differentiation maintains manufacturing feasibility while significantly improving reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration achieves high avalanche withstand, turn-off withstand, and reverse recovery withstand by minimizing dynamic avalanche and false firing, while maintaining stable switching characteristics and on-state resistance.

Implementation Method 1

the direction in which a depletion layer caused by reverse bias voltage extends when in an off-state

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDepletion layer extension: Electric Field

Implementation Method 2

Achieving charge balance means determining each impurity concentration so that the width of the depletion layer spreading inside the n-type drift region and the width of the depletion layer spreading inside the p-type partition region are the same

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCharge balance: Coulomb's Law

Implementation Method 3

a channel inversion layer is formed in a p-type well region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInversion layer formation: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP2937907B1Vertical semiconductor device, and method of manufacturing the vertical semiconductor device
Publication Date: 2020.08.05 FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD
  • EP2937907B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2937907B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP2937907B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

Provided is a vertical semiconductor device 100, and a method of manufacturing the vertical semiconductor device 100, such that it is possible to obtain low on-state resistance, high avalanche withstand, high turn-off withstand, and high reverse recovery withstand. A vertical semiconductor device 100 including an element active portion 3 and a voltage withstanding structure portion 2 has a first main electrode and a gate pad electrode 7 on a first main surface of the element active portion 3, includes first parallel pn layers 10 in a drift layer 16 below the first main electrode, and includes second parallel pn layers 13 below the gate pad electrode 7. The vertical semiconductor device 100 includes a first conductivity type isolation region 20 between the second parallel pn layers 13 below the gate pad electrode 7 and a p-type well region 5 disposed in a surface layer of the drift layer 16, and by the repetition pitch T2 of the second parallel pn layers 13 being shorter than the repetition pitch T1 of the first parallel pn layers 10, it is possible to obtain low on-state resistance, high avalanche withstand, high turn-off withstand, and high reverse recovery withstand.