Vertical Top-Exhausting Air Duct for Deep Subway Ventilation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing throw-out air duct design for deeply-buried subway stations is inefficient, leading to lengthy air ducts, reduced ventilation efficiency, increased construction risks, and slower construction processes due to high space requirements and complex transverse channel conversions.
Innovation Solution
A vertical orthogonal top exhausting air duct structure and construction method that utilizes air duct split parts and a main body part, combining open and hidden excavation techniques to shorten air duct lengths, improve ventilation efficiency, and accelerate construction by optimizing space utilization and reducing construction sites.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If a throw-out air duct design is used for deeply-buried subway stations, then the station structure can be arranged below urban roads, but the air duct becomes lengthy and ventilation efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a horizontal throw-out air duct design to a vertical top-exhausting design. The air duct extends upward through the ground surface to form an air pavilion, changing the spatial dimension from horizontal to vertical. This dimensional change allows the air duct to reach the ground level directly above the station, significantly shortening the effective ventilation path and improving air exchange efficiency between the underground station and the external environment.
2Device complexity
If a throw-out air duct design is used, then the station can be arranged below roads, but construction complexity increases with more transverse channel conversions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates complex transverse channel conversions by changing the air duct orientation from horizontal to vertical. The vertical shaft rises directly upward from the station level through the ground, removing the need for multiple horizontal turns and level changes. This dimensional simplification reduces construction complexity and improves productivity by providing a straightforward construction path.
3Volume of moving object
If sufficient space is allocated for blowers to ensure normal operation, then ventilation function is maintained, but air duct length increases and ventilation efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The vertical top-exhausting design allows blowers to be positioned at the ground-level air pavilion, optimizing their operating space and maintenance accessibility. The vertical configuration enables the air duct to rise directly above the station, shortening the horizontal distance air must travel while providing adequate space at the terminus for blower installation and operation.
4Use of energy by moving object
If the air duct is shortened to improve ventilation efficiency, then energy consumption is reduced, but construction space requirements change and may increase local disruption
Solution Approach 1:
The vertical air pavilion design concentrates the air duct structure within a compact vertical footprint above the station, minimizing the horizontal construction footprint. While the shaft extends vertically through the ground, the overall land use is reduced compared to a horizontal throw-out design. This reduces environmental impact by limiting the area of ground disruption while achieving shorter effective air duct length and lower energy consumption.
Data Source
AI summary
Combination of an open and a hidden excavation for constructing a vertical orthogonal top exhausting air duct structure of a deeply-buried subway station is provided. Four horizontal air ducts: left and right piston air ducts, an exhaust air duct, and a fresh air duct are thrown out of the underground, respectively, leading to left and right piston air shafts, an exhaust air shaft, a fresh air shaft, and an entrance/exit of fire-fighting. The fourth underground floor is communicated with the hall floor of the station main body, and the fifth underground floor is communicated with the running tunnel and the platform floor of the station main body. During operation, the train will enter and exit the station through the fifth underground floor of the air duct, and the piston air and heat will enter the four transverse air ducts through the air duct main body.