Vertical Transition Coaxial Microstrip Eccentric Holes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vertical transitions between coaxial cables and microstrip lines experience significant insertion loss due to differences in electromagnetic field distributions, limiting their application to lower frequency bands and requiring complex assembly processes.
Innovation Solution
The method involves creating an eccentric configuration of through holes in the ground plane of the microstrip line, allowing the center conductor to penetrate at an angle, which reduces insertion loss and increases the 1-dB passband by relocating resonant responses to higher frequencies, simplifying the assembly process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional vertical transition structures are used between coaxial cables and microstrip lines, then assembly is simplified, but insertion loss increases significantly at high frequencies due to electromagnetic field distribution differences
Solution Approach 1:
The transition structure is divided into multiple segments: a first through-hole in the ground plane for the center conductor, a second through-hole for the outer conductor, and an annular groove between them. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each component's electromagnetic field interaction, reducing overall insertion loss while maintaining manageable assembly complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The transition structure employs asymmetric geometry with the center conductor passing through a first through-hole and the outer conductor through a second through-hole, positioned asymmetrically relative to the microstrip line. The annular groove creates an asymmetric field distribution that better matches the transition from coaxial to microstrip geometry, reducing reflection and insertion loss at high frequencies
2Adaptability or versatility
If the frequency band is extended to higher frequencies, then application versatility improves, but insertion loss increases due to electromagnetic field distribution discontinuity
Solution Approach 1:
The transition structure is designed with dynamic electromagnetic field adaptation through the annular groove configuration, which allows the field distribution to naturally transition from the coaxial mode at lower frequencies to the microstrip mode at higher frequencies. This dynamic field adaptation maintains low insertion loss across an extended frequency range, improving versatility without sacrificing performance
Solution Approach 2:
The transition structure utilizes parameter changes in the electromagnetic field configuration through the annular groove geometry. By carefully designing the groove's dimensions and position between the two through-holes, the field distribution parameters are optimized to maintain impedance matching across a wide frequency range, enabling high-frequency operation with minimal insertion loss
3Reliability
If the center conductor is accurately positioned in the through hole, then connection reliability improves, but assembly difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ground plane is prepared in advance with precisely positioned through-holes and annular grooves during manufacturing. This preliminary action ensures that when assembly occurs, the center conductor simply needs to be inserted into the pre-positioned first through-hole, maintaining high connection reliability while significantly easing the assembly process by eliminating the need for complex alignment procedures
Data Source
AI summary
A method for a vertical transition between a coaxial structure and a microstrip line features a slot in the ground plane of the microstrip line and near one end of its signal line. Multiple through holes are created at the substrate within the slot. The multiple through holes include a transition hole next to the end of the signal line, and at least a second hole. The transition hole and the slot are managed to establish a first eccentric configuration to achieve field transformation between the coaxial structure and the microstrip line, which would reduce the insertion loss of the vertical transition at higher frequencies and increase its 1-dB passband. The second hole and the slot are arranged to create a second eccentric configuration, and the second hole is used to relocate a resonance response caused by the slot towards higher frequencies to further increase the 1-dB passband.