3D Vessel Model from Single Angiographic Projection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for characterizing blood vessels, such as angiography and fractional flow reserve (FFR), are complex and require multiple measurements or imaging techniques, making it difficult to intuitively assess vessel morphology and functional impacts like stenosis and aneurysms.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method that uses a processor to derive vessel diameters from morphological projection information combined with temporal location information, generating a three-dimensional morphological model of the vessel, allowing for simpler characterization and visualization of vessel conditions using electromagnetic or optical tracking, and integrating physiological information for enhanced assessment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple imaging techniques and measurements are used for vessel characterization, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple measurement functions (morphological imaging, temporal location tracking, diameter measurement, and 3D model generation) into a single integrated apparatus. The processor merges projection information from the imaging unit with location information from the tracking unit to simultaneously derive vessel diameters and construct three-dimensional models, eliminating the need for separate imaging techniques and measurements.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus is designed as a multi-functional system that performs vessel imaging, instrument tracking, diameter measurement, and three-dimensional model construction through a single integrated device. The processor handles multiple tasks including deriving diameters from projection information, tracking instrument location, and generating comprehensive vessel models, making the device universally applicable for complete vessel characterization.
2Loss of information
If multiple measurements are performed for complete vessel characterization, then information completeness is improved, but loss of time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously acquires projection information and tracking data during a single instrument passage through the vessel. The processor continuously derives diameter measurements and updates the three-dimensional model in real-time, eliminating the need for separate measurement steps and reducing total characterization time while maintaining complete information capture.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus performs preliminary data fusion by combining projection information and location information during the instrument passage itself, rather than requiring subsequent separate measurements. The three-dimensional model is constructed incrementally as data is collected, preparing the complete vessel characterization during the initial procedure rather than requiring additional time-consuming steps.
3Loss of information
If comprehensive vessel data is collected from entire vessel, then information completeness is improved, but ease of operation worsens due to information overload
Solution Approach 1:
The system enhances local information quality by associating specific diameter measurements with precise temporal locations of the instrument's distal portion. The three-dimensional model displays vessel morphology with localized detail at measured positions, allowing operators to focus on specific regions of interest while maintaining access to complete vessel data through the structured model format.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables intuitive and efficient characterization of vessel morphology and functional impacts with a single angiographic projection, providing a three-dimensional model that highlights relevant stenotic or aneurysmal regions, and supports real-time assessment by accounting for cardiac and respiratory motion.
Implementation Method 1
the temporal location information of the instrument processed by the processor is derived from electromagnetic signals. Electromagnetic tracking of instruments is one of the typical localization techniques, whereby an electromagnetic field is detected by an electromagnetic sensor integrated into the instrument, and the temporal location of the sensor in the electromagnetic field is derived from the strength of the signal.
Implementation Method 2
the temporal location information of the instrument processed by the processor is derived from laser radiation. Optical shape sensing is a technology that uses reflections of laser radiation from multiple optical fibers or from a multi-core optical fiber integrated into an instrument to measure local strains to which the instrument is exposed.
Implementation Method 3
an x-ray image is taken of the body lumen, with at least one of the body lumen and the surgical tool being radiopaque
Data Source
AI summary
A three-dimensional morphological vessel model (20) can be obtained by assigning diameters (14,15) along the vessel derived from a two-dimensional morphological projection (10) at locations in the three-dimensional model defined by the temporal locations (21,22) of a trackable instrument (5). An apparatus (7), a system (1) and a method (100) for use of the system (1) in characterizing the vessel of a living being (2) by rendering a three-5 dimensional morphological vessel model (20) are presented.