Video Arithmetic Coding Using Log-Domain Interval Updates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current video encoding and decoding methods face challenges in efficiently updating arithmetic encoding intervals, particularly due to high multiplication rates that become a hardware design bottleneck, and complex normalization processes in the arithmetic encoding/decoding process.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves updating encoding intervals in either the logarithm or original number domains based on the probability of symbols, using specific formulas to convert between domains, and performing normalization separately for most probable and least probable symbols to simplify the encoding process and reduce computational complexity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional arithmetic encoding/decoding is used with frequent multiplication operations, then encoding precision is maintained, but hardware design complexity increases and encoding speed decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the mathematical domain from linear to logarithmic by using log2(R) instead of R directly. This parameter transformation converts multiplication operations into addition operations (log2(R1×R2) = log2(R1) + log2(R2)), significantly reducing hardware complexity while maintaining encoding precision. The logarithmic domain representation allows the arithmetic encoder to perform interval updates using addition rather than multiplication.
2Measurement precision
If traditional arithmetic encoding/decoding is used with frequent multiplication operations, then encoding precision is maintained, but encoding speed decreases
Solution Approach 1:
By transforming the encoding parameter from linear scale R to logarithmic scale log2(R), the patent enables faster computation through addition operations instead of multiplication. This parameter change accelerates the encoding process while preserving the precision required for accurate arithmetic encoding/decoding of video data.
3Stability of the object's composition
If normalization is performed frequently to maintain interval range, then encoding stability is improved, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs normalization in the logarithmic domain by adding a constant value (log2(2^Q) = Q) to log2(R) when the interval becomes too small, instead of multiplying by 2 in the linear domain. This approach maintains encoding stability by keeping the interval within acceptable ranges while reducing computational complexity through simple addition operations in the logarithmic domain.
Data Source
AI summary
The present application discloses video data encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses, so as to conveniently perform data encoding and decoding on video data. The method includes: arithmetic encoding, where the arithmetic encoding includes: obtaining a binary symbol of image data; and if the binary symbol is a most probable symbol (MPS), updating a first encoding interval corresponding to the MPS in a logarithm domain, and if the first updated encoding interval is less than a preset range of an arithmetic encoding interval, performing normalization processing on the first encoding interval in the logarithm domain; or if the binary symbol is a least probable symbol (LPS), updating a second encoding interval corresponding to the LPS in an original number domain, and performing normalization processing on the second encoding interval in the original number domain.