Video Coding Quantization Using 1D Transform and Bit-Shifting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current video coding systems face challenges in efficiently processing video residual data, particularly in transforming, quantizing, and dequantizing coefficients to achieve optimal compression and reconstruction of video blocks, which affects the quality and efficiency of video transmission and storage.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves a method that includes transforming video residual data using a single one-dimensional transform, quantizing the coefficients, and then entropy coding, followed by inverse processes such as dequantization and detransformation, with bit-shifting operations applied at various stages to optimize coefficient representation and transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single one-dimensional transform is used instead of traditional two-dimensional transforms, then the device complexity is reduced, but the manufacturing precision of video reconstruction may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the two-dimensional transform into separate one-dimensional transforms applied sequentially to rows and columns of the video block. This breaks down the complex 2D operation into simpler 1D operations that can be processed in stages, reducing computational complexity while maintaining reconstruction precision through the systematic application of multiple simpler transforms.
2Productivity
If bit-shifting operations are applied to coefficients during quantization and dequantization, then the productivity of video coding is improved, but the measurement precision of coefficient values is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the bit-shifting amount based on the quantization parameter (QP) value. The right-shift amount is calculated as a function of QP, allowing the system to adapt the precision loss to the desired compression level. This enables flexible control between coding efficiency and coefficient precision, with higher QP values accepting greater precision reduction for improved compression ratios.
3Loss of information
If quantization is performed on transformed coefficients, then the loss of information is reduced through efficient compression, but the measurement precision of the original video data is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback through the dequantization process that reverses the quantization operation during decoding. The same quantization parameter (QP) used during encoding is applied in reverse during decoding to reconstruct the coefficients. This feedback mechanism ensures that the lossy compression during quantization can be systematically reversed to the same precision level, allowing controlled information loss while maintaining reproducibility and enabling quality adjustment through QP selection.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, apparatus and systems for processing video blocks. The method including transforming, via a transform unit, the video residual data using a single one-dimensional transform to generate a first set of coefficients associated with the video block; quantizing, via a quantization unit, the first set of coefficients to generate a second set of quantized coefficients, wherein the method for processing the video residual data includes bit-shifting any of the first and second sets of coefficients; entropy coding the second set of quantized coefficients after the bit-shifting; and transmitting the entropy coded second set of quantized coefficients. In certain embodiments, the bit shifting may include integer and/or fractional bit shifting.