Video Compression Intra Beating Reduction via Adaptive Reference Selection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional video compression systems using inter-frame compression suffer from 'intra beating' artifacts, where compression artifacts visibly change at I-frames, and hierarchical GOP structures increase memory requirements and degrade compression quality, especially in scenes with complex motion.
Innovation Solution
A method that encodes video streams using forward and backward prediction of 'P' pictures, where primary inter pictures use next or previous intra and inter pictures as references, and secondary inter pictures use previous or future inter pictures, reducing intra beating and optimizing memory usage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If inter-frame compression is used to achieve higher compression ratios, then compression efficiency is improved, but intra beating artifacts occur where compression artifacts visibly change at I-frames
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by predicting future I-frame content in advance and using it as a reference for encoding current P-frames and B-frames. This forward prediction allows the encoder to prepare for upcoming I-frames, smoothing out the visual transitions that cause intra beating artifacts while maintaining high compression ratios through efficient inter-frame prediction.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If hierarchical GOP structure is used to reduce intra beating, then artifact visibility is reduced, but memory requirements increase and compression quality degrades in complex motion scenes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamics by making the reference picture selection adaptive rather than fixed. The encoder dynamically chooses between forward prediction (using future I-frames) and backward prediction (using past P-frames) based on scene characteristics and motion complexity. This dynamic approach reduces memory requirements compared to rigid hierarchical structures while maintaining effectiveness against intra beating artifacts.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If hierarchical GOP structure with increased GOP length is used, then intra beating is reduced, but the number of frames that must be stored in memory increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses preliminary action by performing forward prediction from future I-frames to encode current frames. This allows the use of longer GOP lengths and more reference frames for better intra beating reduction without proportionally increasing decoder memory requirements, as the future I-frames are already decoded and available in the reference buffer.
4Device complexity
If conventional P-frames predict only from previous I or P pictures, then decoding complexity is reduced, but intra beating artifacts are exacerbated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by enabling P-frames to predict from both past and future reference pictures adaptively. This dynamic bidirectional prediction reduces intra beating artifacts by smoothing transitions at I-frames while maintaining relatively simple decoding complexity, as the reference picture selection is determined during encoding and stored in the bitstream.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for compressing a video stream including the steps of: (1) encoding at least two pictures of the video stream as a first intra picture and a second intra picture, where the first intra picture occurs temporally before the second intra picture, (2) encoding another picture of the video stream as a first inter picture, where the first inter picture (a) occurs temporally (i) after the first intra picture and (ii) before the second intra picture and (b) uses (i) the second intra picture and (ii) one other picture occurring temporally before the first inter picture as references, (3) encoding another picture of the video stream as a second inter picture, where the second inter picture (a) occurs temporally (i) after the first intra picture and (ii) before the second intra picture and (b) uses (i) the second intra picture and (ii) the first inter picture as references and (4) encoding another picture in the video stream as a third inter picture, where the third inter picture (a) occurs temporally after the first intra picture and (ii) before the second intra picture and (b) uses (i) the second intra picture and (ii) the second inter picture as references.