Video Encoding Eliminating End-of-Line Codes for Bandwidth Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional video transmission systems face issues with bursty network traffic, high bandwidth requirements, loss of image quality due to intra frame loss, inefficient recovery mechanisms, and degradation over time, especially in public networks with limited resources.
Innovation Solution
Improved encoding methods that eliminate end-of-line codes, use digit-based encoding for long runs, and introduce anchor frames to reduce bandwidth and enhance data integrity, allowing for efficient recovery of lost data and maintaining image quality by dispersing intra frame data over multiple frames.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional intra/inter frame encoding is used, then image quality is initially good, but bandwidth requirements are high and traffic is bursty
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments intra frame data across multiple inter frames using a dispersion matrix. Instead of transmitting complete intra frames periodically, the intra frame pixel data is divided and distributed across multiple inter frames, converting bursty traffic into steady-state traffic while maintaining image quality through systematic recovery processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary encoding by dispersing intra frame data across multiple inter frames before transmission. This preliminary action prepares the data in a distributed format that reduces peak bandwidth requirements and eliminates traffic bursts, while the receiver is pre-configured with the dispersion matrix for efficient recovery.
2Manufacturing precision
If intra frames are transmitted frequently to maintain quality, then image quality is preserved, but bandwidth consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments complete intra frame transmissions into distributed portions across multiple inter frames. This segmentation eliminates the need for frequent complete intra frame transmissions, reducing bandwidth consumption while maintaining image quality through the systematic dispersion and recovery mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
The inter frames serve multiple functions: they carry both inter frame difference data and dispersed intra frame data. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate intra frame transmissions, reducing overall bandwidth consumption while maintaining the ability to refresh image quality periodically.
3Reliability
If end-of-line codes are included for data integrity, then error protection is improved, but bandwidth requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates end-of-line codes from the transmission stream by relying on the underlying network protocol (TCP/IP) for data integrity. This extraction removes unnecessary redundancy that consumed bandwidth, while network-level error handling maintains sufficient data integrity for video transmission.
4Reliability
If complete intra frames are transmitted for recovery, then synchronization is restored, but transmission time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments dispersed intra frame data across multiple inter frames, enabling partial recovery instead of requiring complete intra frame retransmission. When synchronization is lost, the receiver can reconstruct the intra frame from dispersed data already present in received inter frames, significantly reducing recovery time compared to waiting for complete intra frame transmissions.
Data Source
AI summary
According to aspects of embodiments of the invention, a method of encoding a sequence of frames of image data, each frame including a number of lines of pixels equal to a frame height, and each line having a number of pixels equal to a line length, comprises: encoding as an encoded symbol stream a sequence of pixels of a frame without including an end-of-line code after each line; identifying as a run having a run length, a sequence of pixels having values less than a threshold; and encoding the run using digit encoding. According to other aspects, the digit encoding may further comprise: identifying a set of most frequently used symbols; assigning a symbolic digit to each of the set of most frequently used symbols; assigning a start symbol; and encoding using digit encoding may include: inserting in the encoded symbol stream the start symbol; and inserting in the encoded symbol stream after the start symbol a sequence of symbolic digits identifying the run length of the run. The method may yet further comprise: assigning an end symbol; and inserting the end symbol in the encoded symbol stream after the sequence of symbolic digits. According to yet another variation, the method may further comprise defining the assigned start symbol to include a field indicating how many of the symbolic digits are required to identify the run length of the run.