Video Signal Macroblock Prediction Using Skip and Direct Modes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing video signal processing methods face inefficiencies in inter picture prediction, particularly in reducing bit size and enhancing reconstruction accuracy, due to limitations in motion vector coding and mode indication for macroblocks larger than 16x16.
Innovation Solution
The method involves configuring motion vector candidates, deriving motion vectors by block units smaller than macroblocks, and using skip or direct modes based on macroblock type information to reduce bit size and enhance prediction accuracy, thereby eliminating the need for separate indication of skip or direct mode information.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If motion vector coding is performed using traditional macroblock-based methods, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision of motion vectors deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the macroblock into multiple blocks (e.g., 16x16 macroblock into four 8x8 blocks) and performs motion vector coding separately for each block. This segmentation allows each block to have its own motion vector, improving motion compensation precision while maintaining manageable complexity through systematic processing of smaller units.
2Reliability
If separate indication information is used for skip mode and direct mode, then reliability of mode indication is improved, but loss of information increases due to additional bit size
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the indication of skip mode and direct mode into a single macroblock type field. The macroblock type information simultaneously indicates whether the macroblock is coded in skip mode or direct mode, eliminating the need for separate indication bits and reducing overall bit size while maintaining reliable mode identification.
Solution Approach 2:
The macroblock type field serves multiple functions: it indicates the macroblock type (intra/P/B frame), partition structure, and simultaneously indicates whether skip mode or direct mode is used. This multi-functionality reduces the need for dedicated indication bits for each mode, optimizing bit rate efficiency.
3Productivity
If inter picture prediction is performed without skip mode or direct mode, then manufacturing precision of video reconstruction is improved, but productivity of encoding process deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces skip mode and direct mode as parameter changes in the encoding process. In skip mode, motion vectors are copied from neighboring blocks without separate coding, and in direct mode, motion compensation is performed using direct prediction. These parameter options allow the encoder to adapt to different scene characteristics, improving both encoding efficiency and reconstruction accuracy by selecting the appropriate mode for each macroblock.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of processing a video signal is disclosed. The present invention includes obtaining a current macroblock type, obtaining skip or direct mode indication information on a partition of the current macroblock according to the current macroblock type, deriving a motion vector of the partition according to the skip or direct mode indication information, and predicting a pixel value of the partition using the motion vector. Accordingly, the present invention obtains a pixel value of a reference block close to an original video using a motion vector, thereby enhancing a reconstruction ratio of the macroblock. As a macroblock uses skip or direct prediction indication information, it is unnecessary to separately code skip mode indication information and direct mode indication information on the macroblock, whereby an information size to be coded can be reduced.