Virtual Bone Reconstruction for Precise Revision Knee Arthroplasty
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional implant revision surgeries face challenges in precision due to bone damage during implant removal, leading to inaccurate positioning and installation of replacement implants, particularly in knee arthroplasty where conventional cutting blocks lack precision.
Innovation Solution
A robotic surgical system is employed to assist in revision knee arthroplasty by using a robotic surgical device to gather reference points, generate a model reconstructing the patient's anatomy, and provide precision in implant placement, including predictive analytics and warnings for potential bone fractures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional cutting blocks and bone landmarks are used for implant revision surgery, then the surgery can be performed with standard equipment, but precision is lost due to bone damage during implant removal
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs pre-operative planning and creates a virtual model of the patient's anatomy before surgery. This preliminary action allows the surgical plan to be established when bone landmarks are still intact, and then guides the actual surgery using this pre-established reference framework, avoiding reliance on damaged intraoperative landmarks
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual copy or digital model of the patient's bone anatomy and implant configuration. This virtual model serves as a reference that can be manipulated and measured without physically touching or damaging the actual bone, providing precise positioning guidance independent of bone landmark integrity
2Manufacturing precision
If a robotic surgical system is implemented to improve precision, then implant placement accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The robotic surgical system integrates multiple functions into a single platform: pre-operative planning, virtual model generation, intraoperative guidance, and implant placement assistance. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate specialized devices and simplifies the overall surgical workflow despite the advanced capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces a virtual model as an intermediary between the surgeon's intent and the physical surgical actions. This digital intermediary provides precise positioning information and guidance, acting as a mediator that translates surgical planning into accurate physical implant placement without requiring complex manual measurements or calculations
Data Source
AI summary
Systems that may be used for performing a robotic revision knee arthroplasty are disclosed. Such systems can optionally include a processor that can: intraoperatively receive a plurality of position data obtained by a robotic surgical device after a primary implant has been removed from a bone, the plurality of position data correspond to a plurality of landmarks of the bone of a patient, the plurality of landmarks include a position of an intramedullary canal of the bone; select from a database having a plurality of mean models of a corresponding bone a mean model that comprises a best match based upon the plurality of landmarks of the bone: generate an updated model by altering the mean model to fit an anatomy of the bone of the patient based upon the plurality of landmarks; and output to a user interface the updated model for use during the robotic revision knee arthroplasty.