Multi-train Virtual Coupling Control for Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

In rail transit, multi-train virtual coupling systems face instability and discomfort due to rapid acceleration and deceleration, leading to passenger discomfort, especially in larger groupings, as existing control methods are inefficient and inflexible, and physical connections limit dynamic control.

Innovation Solution

A method and system for multi-train cooperative control using virtual coupling, where the acceleration of adjacent trains and speed differences are used to determine and adjust the speed of controlled trains, maintaining an ideal distance through wireless communication, allowing trains to switch between operating states for stable and efficient operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If virtual coupling multi-train control is implemented using simple tracking strategy, then control flexibility and adaptability are improved, but train operation stability deteriorates causing rapid acceleration and deceleration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol flexibilityVSAvoidtrain operation stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the simple tracking strategy into a composite control model that incorporates multiple parameters including acceleration deviation, speed deviation, and redundancy distance. The control model dynamically adjusts acceleration commands based on weighted combinations of these parameters, changing the control parameters from single-dimensional speed tracking to multi-dimensional state regulation, thereby improving stability while maintaining flexibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements closed-loop feedback control by continuously monitoring the actual acceleration, speed, and distance between trains, comparing these with target values, and adjusting the acceleration commands accordingly. The feedback mechanism uses deviation values to dynamically modify control actions, preventing excessive acceleration and deceleration while maintaining adaptive response to changing operational conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If block-based tracking control is used, then safety distance between trains is ensured, but control efficiency deteriorates due to large tracking intervals and multiple control hierarchies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesafety distance assuranceVSAvoidcontrol efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical block-based control system with a virtual coupling system using wireless communication and point-to-point data exchange between trains. This substitution eliminates the need for fixed block sections and complex control hierarchies, allowing direct train-to-train communication and coordinated control, thereby improving efficiency while maintaining safety through virtual rather than physical segmentation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent restructures the control system by segmenting the traditional centralized control into distributed train-level control units that independently make control decisions based on local sensor data and communication with adjacent trains. This segmentation eliminates control hierarchy delays and enables parallel processing of control commands across multiple trains, significantly improving overall system efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Adaptability or versatility

If physical coupling connection is used for train reconnection, then train grouping is achieved, but connection and disassembly efficiency deteriorates and online dynamic control cannot be implemented

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetrain grouping capabilityVSAvoidconnection and disassembly time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces physical mechanical coupling devices with virtual coupling implemented through wireless communication systems. Trains maintain virtual connections via continuous data exchange about position, speed, and operational state, eliminating the need for physical coupling/decoupling operations. This allows instantaneous formation and dissolution of train groups, enabling online dynamic control adjustments without time-consuming mechanical operations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic train grouping where virtual coupling relationships can be instantly created or dissolved based on real-time operational requirements. The system allows trains to dynamically join or leave groups without physical intervention, with control parameters automatically adjusted for each configuration change, enabling flexible response to varying traffic demands without the time constraints of mechanical reconnection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3760513B1Multi-train cooperative controlling method and system using virtual coupling
Publication Date: 2022.05.18 CRSC RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE GROUP CO LTD
  • EP3760513B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3760513B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3760513B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed is a multi-train cooperative controlling method and system using virtual coupling; the method comprises: obtaining acceleration of a train adjacent to a controlled train, a speed difference value between the train adjacent to the controlled train and the controlled train, and a redundancy distance between the train adjacent to the controlled train and the controlled train; determining acceleration of the controlled train according to the acceleration of the train adjacent to the controlled train, the speed difference value between the train adjacent to the controlled train and the controlled train, and the redundancy distance between the train adjacent to the controlled train and the controlled train; and adjusting a speed of the controlled train according to the determined acceleration of the controlled train. The mode of making each train closely follow an immediately preceding train implements stable cooperative operation of a train group, and achieves purposes of safety and high efficiency.