Virtual 3D Dental Model From CT Voxels
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current X-ray diagnostics in dentistry, including CBCT, produce 2D images that suffer from tissue overlap and subjectivity in measurements, failing to provide accurate 3D anatomical models and volumetric assessments of the dental system, which limits objective analysis and treatment planning.
Innovation Solution
A virtual 3D mathematical dental model is created using AI and deep learning algorithms to process DICOM files from CT scans, identifying and combining voxels into organs and tissues, enabling linear, angular, and volumetric measurements, and supporting detailed anatomical analysis and treatment planning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If 2D X-ray images are used for dental diagnostics, then the examination is non-invasive and can be performed, but tissue overlap causes displacement and reduces measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from 2D X-ray images to 3D volumetric modeling by processing CT scan data into three-dimensional representations of dental structures. This dimensional transformation eliminates tissue overlap displacement and enables accurate linear, angular, and volumetric measurements of teeth, roots, and surrounding anatomical structures.
2Measurement precision
If CBCT is used to improve image accuracy, then 3D rendering is enabled, but significant losses occur due to rendering specifics and mathematical modeling is not supported
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the 3D volumetric data into distinct anatomical components including tooth crowns, roots, root canals, periodontal ligament, and surrounding bone structures. Each segment is individually modeled and measured, preserving detailed anatomical information while enabling specific mathematical analysis of each structure's dimensions, volume, and spatial relationships.
3Ease of operation
If manual measurement by dentist is performed, then clinical assessment is possible, but subjectivity and human error are introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual dentist measurement with an automated computer-based system that performs linear, angular, and volumetric measurements. The system uses algorithms to objectively measure tooth dimensions, root canal lengths, and anatomical relationships, eliminating human subjectivity and error while providing precise, reproducible results for clinical decision-making.
4Shape
If virtual solid models are generated from scanning, then surface images are visible, but internal tissues, pulp, roots and restorations cannot be shown
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different levels of detail and transparency to different regions of the model. External surfaces are rendered with high detail for shape visualization, while internal structures such as pulp chambers, root canals, and restorations are made visible through selective transparency and cross-sectional rendering. This allows simultaneous observation of both external morphology and internal anatomy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for objective and precise measurements and modeling of the dental system, facilitating personalized treatment planning, prediction of treatment outcomes, and monitoring of anatomical changes over time, enhancing the accuracy and objectivity of dental diagnostics and interventions.
Implementation Method 1
The AI is based on image recognition algorithm(s), combined with deep learning algorithms, which together are used to form a neural network that is capable of being trained. The AI identifies the contrast of the tissues, and combines them into organs based on the intensity of the voxels' grey scale
Data Source
AI summary
A method for forming a virtual 3D mathematical model of a dental system, including receiving DICOM files representing the dental system; identifying number and location of voxels of tissues of the dental system; combining the voxels of the tissues into voxels of organs of the dental system; combining the organs into the virtual 3D mathematical model of the dental system, wherein the virtual 3D mathematical models supports linear, non-linear and volumetric measurements of the dental system; and presenting the virtual 3D mathematical model to a user. The DICOM files can be cone beam or multispiral computed tomography, MRT, PET and/or ultrasonography. The tissues include enamel, dentin, pulp, cartilage, periodontium, and/or jaw bone. The organs include teeth, gums, temporomandibular joint and/or jaw. A size of the voxels is typically between 40 μm and 200 μm.