Virtual Implant Trajectory Alignment in Surgical Navigation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical navigation systems lack the ability to virtually plan and prepare for the placement of tools and implants before surgery, limiting precision and accuracy in robot-assisted surgeries.
Innovation Solution
The system uses imaging information to detect the pose of a probe and determine the placement of a virtual implant, adjusting it in alignment with the probe's longitudinal axis, allowing for real-time adjustments during surgery while maintaining the trajectory.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If surgical navigation systems use traditional tracking methods without virtual implant planning, then the system complexity is reduced, but surgical precision and accuracy deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs virtual implant planning and trajectory visualization before the actual surgical procedure. The surgical plan is developed in advance using 3D anatomical models, allowing surgeons to optimize implant placement and tool trajectories prior to patient surgery, thereby improving precision without adding operational complexity during the procedure
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual copy of the surgical site using 3D imaging data to generate anatomical models. This virtual replica allows for pre-surgical planning and simulation, enabling precise measurement and visualization of implant trajectories without requiring complex physical prototypes or mock-ups
2Adaptability or versatility
If the system adjusts virtual implant placement in real-time during surgery, then adaptability improves, but computational requirements and processing time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously tracks the position and orientation of surgical tools using optical tracking markers and provides real-time feedback by updating the virtual implant visualization. This closed-loop feedback mechanism allows dynamic adjustment of implant placement based on actual surgical conditions while maintaining real-time performance through efficient coordinate transformation algorithms
Solution Approach 2:
The virtual implant model is designed to dynamically update its position and orientation in real-time as the surgical tool moves. The system continuously recalculates the implant trajectory based on the current tool pose, enabling adaptive planning during surgery without requiring complete reprocessing of the surgical plan
3Manufacturing precision
If the system uses detailed 3D anatomical modeling for virtual planning, then surgical accuracy improves, but data processing complexity and computational load increase
Solution Approach 1:
The 3D anatomical model is segmented into distinct structures (bones, joints, soft tissues) with different levels of detail. This segmentation allows the system to focus computational resources on critical areas requiring high precision while using simplified representations for less critical regions, thereby improving implant placement accuracy without uniformly increasing processing complexity throughout the entire model
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances precision and flexibility in surgical planning and execution, enabling surgeons to better align tools and implants with anatomical structures, improving surgical accuracy and ease of use.
Implementation Method 1
Infrared transmitters transmit a signal, and the reflective spherical balls reflect the signal to aid in determining the position of the object in 3D. In active sensors or markers, the objects to be tracked include active infrared transmitters, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), and thus generate their own infrared signals for 3D detection.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods may be provided to operate an image-guided surgical system using imaging information for a 3-dimensional anatomical volume. A pose of a probe that defines a longitudinal axis may be detected based on information received from a tracking system. A placement of a virtual implant for the 3-dimensional anatomical volume may be determined based on the pose of the probe and based on an offset from an end of the probe along the longitudinal axis, such that a trajectory of the virtual implant is in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the probe in the pose. After determining the placement of the virtual implant, the virtual implant may be adjusted in response to movement of the probe while maintaining the trajectory of the virtual implant.