Hardware Virtualization Interrupt Delivery Optimization

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current ARM-based hardware virtualization solutions face performance overhead due to software handling of virtual timer interrupts, which slows down virtual timer delivery in ARM platforms, as hardware cannot directly send virtual timers to guest operating systems, requiring significant software processing and memory usage.

Innovation Solution

A device and method for hardware virtualization support that includes a hypervisor component and a host system component, where a configuration flag enables a fast interrupt delivery mechanism by recording the virtual timer number as a global variable, allowing the hypervisor to process it efficiently, thereby simplifying interrupt delivery paths and reducing virtual timer delivery time.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If software handling is used for virtual timer interrupts in ARM-based hardware virtualization, then flexibility and extensibility of virtualization features are improved, but performance overhead increases and virtual timer delivery time slows down

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflexibility of virtualization featuresVSAvoidvirtual timer delivery performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the interrupt delivery path into two modes: a fast path for virtual timer interrupts that bypasses host OS state transitions, and a slow path for other interrupts that maintains full software handling. This segmentation allows virtual timer delivery to be optimized independently while preserving the flexibility of software-based virtualization for other operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a configuration flag as an intermediary mechanism that enables the hypervisor to directly access and process virtual timer interrupt information without requiring full host OS intervention. This intermediary allows selective optimization of the interrupt path while maintaining the overall software-based virtualization architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Loss of time

If hardware directly sends virtual timer interrupts to guest operating system, then virtual timer delivery time is reduced, but hardware capability and support are insufficient in current ARM GICv2/3 architecture

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevirtual timer delivery timeVSAvoidhardware support capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the interrupt delivery path dynamic by introducing a configuration flag that can switch between fast path and slow path handling. The system adapts its behavior based on the type of interrupt and the configured optimization level, allowing hardware to simulate direct delivery for virtual timers while maintaining software handling for other cases where hardware support is insufficient.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of interrupt delivery by introducing a configuration flag that modifies the delivery mechanism. When the flag is set, the system changes from full software handling to a hybrid approach where virtual timer interrupts are delivered directly to the guest OS without host OS state transitions, effectively simulating hardware capability through software configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If full software processing path is used for virtual timer interrupts, then comprehensive handling and control are achieved, but processing time and memory requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomprehensive interrupt handlingVSAvoidinterrupt processing time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by implementing selective optimization: only virtual timer interrupts benefit from the fast path that skips host OS state transitions, while other interrupt types continue to use the full software processing path. This partial application of optimization maintains comprehensive handling for all interrupt types while reducing processing time specifically for virtual timers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP3118740B1Device and method for hardware virtualization support
Publication Date: 2021.09.08 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3118740B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3118740B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3118740B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A device (100) for hardware visualization support is provided, the device (100) comprising: a hypervisor component (101) configured to launch a virtual machine (VM) and configured to exit and/or to enter a host level; a host system component (102) configured to process a configuration flag (CF) that enables an interrupt deliveiy mechanism; wherein the host system component (102) is configured to record, if the configuration flag is set, a virtual timer number as a global variable, providing information to the hypervisor component (101) when a virtual timer is expired; and wherein the hypervisor component (101) is configured to process the virtual timer number of the global variable in the host level.