Layered Virtual Machine Integrity Monitoring via Randomized Timers

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Recent cyber threats have become more sophisticated, targeting virtual machine monitors (VMMs) themselves, posing a significant challenge in maintaining the integrity and security of server-based computing services, especially in cloud computing environments where traditional security measures are insufficient.

Innovation Solution

A layered monitoring system utilizing independent processor elements, randomized timers, and interrupt controllers to continuously verify the integrity of VMMs by periodically checking their status and re-enabling interrupt controllers to ensure uninterrupted execution of integrity verification processes, transmitting results to a managing device for real-time monitoring and management.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a VMM watcher is executed to verify integrity of the VMM, then security against compromise is improved, but execution time and system performance deteriorate due to interrupting normal VMM operations

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveVMM integrity verificationVSAvoidVMM execution interruption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements periodic integrity verification of the VMM by the watcher at predetermined time intervals, rather than continuous monitoring. This allows the VMM to execute normally between verification periods, reducing execution interruption while still providing regular security checks to detect compromises.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary actions by randomizing the timing of integrity verification executions. The watcher is triggered at unpredictable intervals based on randomized time values, which prevents attackers from predicting when verification occurs and planning attacks accordingly, while still maintaining regular verification frequency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If the interrupt controller is disabled during VMM watcher execution, then monitoring accuracy is improved by preventing interruptions, but system responsiveness deteriorates during the monitoring period

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveWatcher execution accuracyVSAvoidSystem response time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The interrupt controller is disabled only during brief periodic intervals when the watcher executes integrity verification, rather than being continuously disabled. This limits the impact on system responsiveness to short, predictable periods while ensuring accurate monitoring during verification windows.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts interrupt controller state based on watcher execution needs. The interrupt controller is selectively disabled only when the watcher requires uninterrupted access to monitor VMM integrity, and re-enabled immediately afterward to restore normal system responsiveness, creating a dynamic balance between monitoring accuracy and system performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Object-affected harmful factors

If multiple timer values are randomized for watcher execution, then predictability of attacks is reduced, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveAttack predictabilityVSAvoidTimer management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The timer functionality is segmented into multiple independent timer values (first timer value, second timer value, third timer value) that can be independently randomized and managed. This segmentation allows the system to distribute the randomization logic across separate timer components, reducing the complexity of managing a single complex randomized timer while achieving the same goal of preventing attack predictability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP2972853B1Layered virtual machine integrity monitoring
Publication Date: 2019.04.24 INTEL CORP
  • EP2972853B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2972853B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2972853B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Various embodiments are generally directed to the provision and use of various hardware and software components of a computing device to monitor the state of layered virtual machine (VM) monitoring software components. An apparatus includes a first processor element; and logic to receive an indication that a first timer has reached an end of a first period of time, monitor execution of a VMM (virtual machine monitor) watcher by a second processor element, determine whether the second processor element completes execution of the VMM watcher to verify integrity of a VMM before a second timer reaches an end of a second period of time, and transmit an indication of the determination to a computing device. Other embodiments are described and claimed.