Virtual Machine Access Control via Segmented Credentials
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Solution Overview
Problem
In cloud computing environments, the widespread use of account-wide credentials for virtual machines poses a security risk as an intruder gaining access to one machine can access all resources within the account, leading to potential unauthorized actions such as accessing backups, modifying network security policies, and launching additional databases.
Innovation Solution
Associating a unique identifier with each virtual machine instance to determine its access control rights, allowing granular access control, where requests from a virtual machine instance are evaluated based on its specific rights, enabling actions to be allowed, denied, or modified accordingly, thereby restricting access to only authorized resources.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If account-wide credentials are placed on all virtual machines, then all servers can perform API calls with full account access, but security risk increases because an intruder gaining access to one machine can access everything in the account
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the account-wide credentials into individual machine-specific credentials. Each virtual machine is assigned its own unique credentials that are derived from the parent account credentials but restricted to specific resources. This segmentation allows each machine to operate independently with its own security boundary, preventing lateral movement by intruders while maintaining ease of operation through automated credential management.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements local quality by giving each virtual machine customized credentials with specific resource permissions tailored to that machine's function. Instead of uniform account-wide access, each machine receives credentials with scope limited to the specific resources it needs to access, such as particular storage volumes, network interfaces, or compute resources. This localized access control maintains operational simplicity while eliminating the security risk of broad credentials.
2Adaptability or versatility
If account credentials give access to everything in the account, then all resources can be accessed by any authorized server, but the scope of potential unauthorized access expands to the entire account
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the broad account-wide access into segmented machine-specific access rights. Each virtual machine receives credentials that are segmented to access only the specific resources required for its operation, such as particular storage volumes, network interfaces, or compute resources. This segmentation maintains the versatility of resource accessibility while limiting the scope of potential unauthorized access to only the resources associated with the compromised machine.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic credential scope where each machine's credentials are dynamically configured based on its specific resource requirements. The access rights are not static account-wide permissions but are dynamically adjusted to match the minimal necessary access for each machine's function. This dynamic approach ensures resources remain accessible to authorized machines while preventing intruders from accessing resources outside the compromised machine's scope.
3Ease of operation
If an intruder gains access to front-end load balancing servers, then the intruder can retrieve backup disk snapshots and modify network security policies, but with machine-specific credentials the intruder's access is limited to that specific machine
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the credentials so that front-end load balancing servers have machine-specific credentials restricted to their specific resources, such as their network interfaces and associated storage volumes only. If an intruder compromises such a server, they can only access resources tied to that specific machine's credentials, not other machines' resources like database backups or network security policies. This segmentation maintains full operational capability for legitimate use while preventing unauthorized actions across the account.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is related to associating a machine or virtual machine instance with an access control right in a cloud-based computing environment. In one aspect, the present invention relates to an apparatus for or a method of associating a machine or virtual machine instance with an access control right in a cloud-based computing environment. In various embodiments, the apparatus is capable of, and the method includes, the following: receiving, in a cloud-based computing environment, a request to perform an action; using an identifier for the machine or virtual machine instance to determine that the received request was sent by, or on behalf of, the machine or virtual machine instance; and identifying an access control right associated with the machine or virtual machine instance making the request, to determine whether to perform the action on behalf of, or grant access by, the machine or virtual machine instance.


