Smart Window Event Detection via VOC Pulses and Current Signatures
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing optically switchable windows, such as electrochromic windows, are vulnerable to breakage or damage, which current security systems fail to detect effectively, leaving them as weak points for intrusion and requiring improved detection and response techniques that leverage their networked capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for detecting security events in optically switchable windows by measuring current or voltage without disrupting the window's operation, comparing the measured values to expected norms, and initiating security actions upon deviation, including applying perturbations like voltage ramps or oscillating currents to detect anomalies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If security monitoring is added to detect window breakage, then security detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by enabling the existing control circuitry to serve dual purposes: both controlling the electrochromic device's optical transitions and monitoring for security events. The same current/voltage measurement circuitry used for operational control is leveraged for breakage detection, eliminating the need for separate dedicated security monitoring hardware and thus avoiding increased device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-diagnosis by using its own operational parameters (current, voltage) to detect abnormal conditions such as window breakage. The control circuitry monitors itself during normal operation and can identify security events through deviations from expected electrical characteristics, allowing the system to detect security threats without external monitoring equipment.
2Measurement precision
If current or voltage measurement is performed continuously to detect breakage, then detection precision is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic measurement by sampling current or voltage at specific intervals rather than continuous monitoring. The control circuitry measures electrical parameters during defined measurement periods, allowing breakage detection while minimizing energy consumption through间歇性 (intermittent) rather than continuous operation of the monitoring function.
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies partial action by measuring current or voltage only during specific operational phases or under specific conditions rather than continuously. The control circuitry performs measurements selectively, such as during transitions or when anomalies are suspected, achieving adequate detection precision without the energy cost of constant monitoring.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively identifies window breakage or damage by monitoring current and voltage fluctuations, enabling timely security responses like alerts or adjustments to enhance building security without disrupting the window's functionality.
Implementation Method 1
Electrochromic devices are sometimes used in optically switchable windows. One well-known electrochromic material, for example, is tungsten oxide (WO3). Tungsten oxide is a cathodic electrochromic material in which a coloration transition, transparent to blue, occurs by electrochemical reduction.
Implementation Method 2
Tungsten oxide is a cathodic electrochromic material in which a coloration transition, transparent to blue, occurs by electrochemical reduction.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and systems for detecting event based on current and/or open circuit voltage (VOC) measurements of an optically switchable device of a window or door, which may include applying high voltage pulse(s) after detecting event where integrated VOC measurements taken after pulses indicate wire cut or breakage event.