VoIP Illegal Call Detection Using CNN Image Conversion

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Solution Overview

Problem

VoIP systems are vulnerable to illegal calls due to unchanging default IDs and passwords, leading to significant billing damages as existing fraud detection methods are inadequate in real-time prevention.

Innovation Solution

An apparatus and method using a CNN algorithm to detect illegal call patterns by converting call data into images, classifying them as normal or illegal, and blocking the subscriber terminal upon detection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If default IDs and passwords are used in enterprise IP-PBXs without changing them, then device complexity is reduced and ease of operation is improved, but security vulnerability increases leading to illegal calls

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of operationVSAvoidsecurity vulnerability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary analysis of call patterns and user behavior before illegal calls occur. By establishing baseline behavior profiles during normal operation, the system can detect deviations that indicate unauthorized access or fraudulent activity, preventing damage before it occurs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary analysis system that sits between the VoIP infrastructure and the billing system. This intermediary layer analyzes call detail records and packet data to detect fraudulent patterns, acting as a mediator that prevents illegal calls from reaching the billing system without requiring changes to the underlying IP-PBX security configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If existing fraud detection methods are used, then device complexity is kept low, but detection precision is insufficient leading to billing damages

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection precisionVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional rule-based fraud detection mechanisms with a machine learning-based analysis system. By using artificial intelligence to analyze call patterns, the system achieves superior detection precision without requiring complex manual rule configuration, automatically adapting to new fraud patterns through continuous learning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes analysis parameters based on learned patterns from training data. By adjusting detection thresholds, analysis depth, and pattern recognition parameters based on historical fraud data and current call patterns, the system optimizes detection precision while maintaining operational efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If real-time detection of illegal calls is implemented, then billing damage prevention is improved, but processing time and computational resources increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebilling damage preventionVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary training offline using historical fraud data to pre-compute detection models and patterns. During real-time operation, the pre-trained models quickly classify incoming calls without requiring extensive computational resources, achieving both high reliability and fast processing speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a two-stage detection process where only calls with certain risk indicators undergo full analysis. By applying partial analysis to low-risk calls and excessive (full) analysis only when necessary, the system achieves high detection reliability while minimizing overall processing time and resource consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP3813347B1Apparatus and method for detecting illegal call
Publication Date: 2023.02.08 KT CORP
  • EP3813347B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3813347B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3813347B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An illegal call detection apparatus comprises a data collecting unit, a preprocessing unit, and a learning unit. The data collecting unit collects, from at least one of a subscriber terminal or a call exchanger, a raw packet generated by the subscriber terminal using a VoIP service, and collects, from the billing server, CDR data related to the raw packet. The preprocessing unit generates learning data by using service usage information extracted from the CDR data and service detailed information extracted from the raw packet, and generates a training image by converting the training data into an image according to a predetermined imaging rule. The learning unit extracts at least one or more features from the training image, and learns whether the training image is related to an illegal call by using the features, through an illegal call detection model.