Voltage Converting Apparatus Diode Charge Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Voltage converting apparatuses face challenges in achieving uniform voltage distribution among series-connected switching elements due to charge differences caused by temperature variations, semiconductor properties, and control delays, leading to increased transfer losses and potential failure.

Innovation Solution

Measuring the voltage across each free-wheeling diode and controlling the charge stored in the diode at turn-off to compensate for voltage mis-sharing among diodes, reducing the need for passive snubbers and minimizing costs and size of passive components.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If passive snubbers are used to compensate for voltage mis-sharing among series-connected switching elements, then voltage distribution uniformity is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage distribution uniformityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the control unit continuously monitors the voltage across each free-wheeling diode and adjusts the charge amount accordingly. When voltage mis-sharing is detected, the control unit modifies the charge injection to compensate for the imbalance, creating a closed-loop control system that actively maintains voltage uniformity without requiring passive snubber circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the charge amount parameter stored in each free-wheeling diode based on measured voltage conditions. By dynamically adjusting this electrical parameter (charge amount) rather than using fixed passive components, the system achieves voltage balancing while reducing device complexity. The control unit modifies charge parameters in response to real-time voltage measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If passive snubbers are used to compensate for voltage mis-sharing among series-connected switching elements, then voltage distribution uniformity is improved, but cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage distribution uniformityVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit uses feedback from voltage measurements across each diode to dynamically adjust charge injection amounts. This active feedback control replaces expensive passive snubber components with a control algorithm that achieves the same voltage balancing effect through intelligent charge management, thereby reducing manufacturing cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-diagnosis and self-correction by measuring its own voltage distribution and automatically adjusting charge amounts to compensate for mis-sharing. This self-service capability eliminates the need for external passive compensation components, reducing both cost and complexity while maintaining voltage uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Device complexity

If charge amounts in free-wheeling diodes are not controlled, then device complexity is reduced, but voltage mis-sharing increases leading to higher transfer losses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidtransfer losses
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit dynamically changes the charge amount parameter stored in each free-wheeling diode based on measured voltage conditions. By optimizing this electrical parameter, the system achieves uniform voltage distribution that minimizes transfer losses, while the control mechanism itself remains integrated and does not significantly increase overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2586126B1Voltage converting apparatus and method for converting a voltage
Publication Date: 2016.01.27 ABB TECHNOLOGY AG
  • EP2586126B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2586126B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2586126B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

A voltage converting apparatus comprises a series connection of at least four switching elements (40) each comprising at least one semiconductor device of turn-off type and a free-wheeling diode connected in anti -parallel therewith. The apparatus has means (41) configured to measure a parameter representative of the voltage across each said free-wheeling diode when it is stopping to conduct and an arrangement (42) configured to control the amount of charge stored in each said diode at the moment the diode is stopping to conduct depending upon the results of said measurement.