Voltage Converter Control for Fast Load Transient Battery Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power supply circuits have a slow loop response speed, leading to frequent discharging of the battery when the load current suddenly changes, causing the voltage converter to switch modes, which prevents the battery from being fully charged due to the battery discharging through the body diode when the system voltage is lower than the battery voltage.
Innovation Solution
A controller with a compensation circuit, acceleration circuit, and driving circuit that compares real-time charging current, battery voltage, and system voltage to generate a compensation voltage, adjusting it based on the battery state and system voltage, and generates switching signals to control the voltage converter switches, thereby improving the response speed and preventing battery discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the loop response speed is slow, then the mode switching is delayed, but the battery discharges through the body diode and cannot be fully charged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by detecting the voltage difference between the system voltage and battery voltage in advance. When the voltage difference exceeds the threshold (forward conduction voltage of body diode), the controller proactively adjusts the duty cycle of the voltage converter before the battery can discharge through the body diode, preventing the harmful effect before it occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring the system voltage and battery voltage, comparing their difference with the threshold voltage, and dynamically adjusting the duty cycle of the voltage converter based on this comparison. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables rapid response to voltage changes and prevents battery discharge through the body diode.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the load current suddenly changes, then the voltage converter mode switches, but the system voltage decreases before mode switching completes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback by continuously monitoring the system voltage and comparing it with the battery voltage. When a sudden load current change causes voltage deviation, the controller detects the voltage difference and adjusts the duty cycle in real-time, enabling rapid response and maintaining system voltage stability during mode transitions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies dynamics by dynamically adjusting the duty cycle of the voltage converter based on real-time voltage conditions. When the load current changes suddenly, the controller modifies the switching duty cycle adaptively, allowing the system to transition smoothly between operating modes while maintaining voltage stability.
3Reliability
If the battery voltage is higher than the system voltage by more than the body diode forward voltage, then the battery discharges through the body diode, but frequent discharging prevents full charging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by detecting when the voltage difference between battery and system voltage exceeds the body diode forward conduction voltage threshold. The controller proactively adjusts the duty cycle to equalize the voltages before the battery can discharge through the body diode, preventing the harmful discharge effect before it occurs and ensuring efficient charging.
Data Source
AI summary
A controller for controlling a voltage converter includes a compensation circuit, an acceleration circuit and a driving circuit. The voltage converter generates a real-time charging current, a real-time battery voltage and a system voltage. The compensation circuit compares the real-time charging current with a preset charging current to generate a first comparison result, compares the real-time battery voltage with a preset battery voltage to generate a second comparison result, compares the system voltage with a preset reference voltage to generate a third comparison result, and generates a compensation voltage based on the first, second and third comparison results. The acceleration circuit adjusts the compensation voltage based on a state of charge of the battery and the system voltage. The driving circuit generates a first switching signal and a second switching signal based on the compensation voltage to control an upper switch and a lower switch of the voltage converter, respectively.