Voltage Fluctuation Detection Circuit for Fast Accurate Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Integrated circuits (ICs) require a circuit to detect voltage fluctuations accurately while maintaining simplicity to reduce cost and volume, balancing detection speed and complexity.
Innovation Solution
A voltage fluctuation detection circuit comprising a voltage divider circuit, comparator, peak latch circuit, and detection and output circuit, which includes a voltage adjustment circuit with a bias voltage and step voltage generating circuit to differentiate between AC and DC signals by comparing voltage levels, achieving high accuracy and fast detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a specially designed circuit is used to detect voltage fluctuations with high accuracy, then detection accuracy is improved, but circuit complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The detection circuit is divided into multiple functional modules: voltage sampling module, reference voltage generation module, comparison module, and signal processing module. Each module performs a specific function, allowing the complex detection task to be broken down into simpler sub-tasks that can be implemented with basic circuit elements.
Solution Approach 2:
A reference voltage signal is introduced as an intermediary to facilitate the comparison process. The reference voltage serves as a benchmark against which the input voltage is compared, enabling accurate detection of voltage fluctuations without requiring complex direct measurement circuits.
2Device complexity
If a simple circuit is used to reduce cost and volume, then device complexity is reduced, but detection accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit uses universal components such as operational amplifiers and standard voltage references that can serve multiple functions. The same comparison module can detect various types of voltage fluctuations (AC/DC, overvoltage, undervoltage) by changing the reference voltage, eliminating the need for separate dedicated circuits for each detection type.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit achieves different detection functions by changing parameters such as reference voltage levels and comparison thresholds rather than by redesigning the circuit structure. This allows a single circuit topology to maintain high detection accuracy across multiple application scenarios while keeping the circuit simple.
3Measurement precision
If high detection accuracy is achieved, then measurement precision is improved, but detection speed may be reduced due to increased processing requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The reference voltage is pre-calculated and stabilized before the actual comparison process. Voltage sampling is performed continuously at a high rate, and the comparison operation is prepared in advance, allowing the detection to occur rapidly when needed without compromising accuracy through rushed processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit replaces complex mechanical or iterative processing methods with direct electrical comparison operations. The operational amplifier provides instantaneous voltage comparison without requiring sequential processing steps, achieving both high speed and high accuracy simultaneously through the inherent parallel processing capability of analog circuits.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a voltage fluctuation detection circuit, which includes a voltage adjustment circuit and a comparator. The voltage adjustment circuit includes an adjustment circuit input terminal to receive the operating voltage, a first adjustment circuit output terminal to output a first voltage, and a second adjustment circuit output terminal to output a second voltage that is step-shaped, the second voltage differs from the first voltage by a bias voltage at the beginning of a preset clock period and falls within a first amplitude within the preset clock period, the magnitude of the bias voltage is related to the first voltage. The comparator includes: a first comparator input terminal to receive the first voltage, a second comparator input terminal to receive the second voltage, and a comparator output terminal to output a comparison result of the first voltage and the second voltage.