Voltage Reference Generator Temperature Dependency Cancellation

The patent segments the temperature dependency of VBE into three distinct components: a temperature-independent component (VGO), a linear temperature-dependent component, and a nonlinear temperature-dependent component. By separating these components mathematically and circuit-wise, each can be independently handled and canceled, resolving the contradiction between good temperature characterization and low temperature dependency.

The patent introduces intermediate voltages (V1, V2, V3) generated by reference units with different temperature dependencies, and intermediate processed voltages (VPTAT, VCTAT, VNL) that represent isolated temperature dependency components. These intermediaries serve as mediators that allow the systematic cancellation of temperature effects through weighted summation, achieving superior temperature independence.

The patent employs universal building blocks (reference units, scaling blocks, summing blocks) that can be configured to generate different voltage components with specific temperature dependencies. These multi-functional blocks are reused throughout the circuit to systematically cancel both linear and nonlinear temperature effects, achieving high reliability without excessive complexity.

The patent changes key parameters (scaling factors A1, A2, A3 and current ratios) to optimize the cancellation of temperature dependencies. By adjusting these parameters, the circuit achieves precise cancellation of both linear and nonlinear temperature effects while maintaining a relatively simple structure with only three reference units and three summing blocks.