Voltammetric Sensor for Real-Time Bioavailable Drug Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current target-controlled infusion (TCI) devices rely on pharmacokinetic models that do not account for individual patient responses, leading to inaccuracies in drug dosage and concentration monitoring, particularly in real-time adjustments.
Innovation Solution
A voltammetric electrochemical sensor with coated electrodes is integrated into a catheter and drug delivery system to measure bioavailable drug concentrations in real-time, allowing for precise modulation of drug delivery based on detected concentrations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If pharmacokinetic models are used for target-controlled infusion, then drug delivery can be automated and controlled, but measurement precision of bioavailable drug concentration is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional optical or electrochemical sensing methods with a voltammetric detection system that measures oxidation/reduction currents. This substitution enables direct measurement of bioavailable drug concentrations with higher precision, resolving the contradiction between automation and measurement accuracy by providing reliable real-time data for the automated delivery system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a coating layer containing a water-immiscible organic solvent as an intermediary between the electrode and the aqueous biological fluid. This coating selectively partitions electrochemically active drugs from the fluid sample, enabling the electrode to detect bioavailable drug concentrations that were previously inaccessible to conventional sensors.
2Device complexity
If conventional electrochemical sensors are used, then device complexity is reduced, but detection accuracy of bioavailable drug concentration deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite coating material consisting of a water-immiscible organic solvent (such as o-nitrophenyl octyl ether) combined with a structural component. This composite structure provides both the selective partitioning capability for accurate drug detection and the mechanical integrity needed for practical sensor operation, thereby achieving high detection accuracy without excessive device complexity.
3Reliability
If real-time detection is implemented, then treatment efficacy and safety are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the detection function and the delivery control function into an integrated system. The voltammetric sensor provides real-time measurement of bioavailable drug concentrations, and this information is fed back to adjust the infusion pump operation automatically. This integration improves treatment safety and efficacy while avoiding the need for separate complex monitoring and control systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables accurate detection of bioavailable drug concentrations, allowing for real-time adjustments in drug delivery, improving treatment efficacy and safety by accounting for individual patient responses.
Implementation Method 1
the coating comprises a structural component, a water immiscible organic solvent, and a charge transfer component, and wherein the coating is configured to selectively partition an electrochemically active drug from a fluid sample
Implementation Method 2
the two or more electrodes are configured to measure an oxidation/reduction current within the coating when potential applied to one of the electrodes is varied over time
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for the controlled delivery of a drug as a function of bioavailable drug concentration, a sensor device for detecting bioavailable drug concentration, and a delivery device that controls delivery of the drug based on the real-time detection of bioavailable drug concentration.