VRU Message Aggregation With CPM Trust Checks for ITS Congestion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) face challenges in congestion management and safety assurance due to limited bandwidth for Vulnerable Road User (VRU) messages, misclassification of road participants, and the inability to reliably verify the integrity and trustworthiness of Collective Perception Messages (CPM) from non-motorized road users.
Innovation Solution
Implementing differentiated transmission schemes for VRU Awareness Messages (VAM) based on VRU characterization in CPMs, using certificates to authenticate and authorize message transmission, and incorporating trust level evaluation mechanisms to ensure message integrity and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If VRU stations systematically transmit VAM messages to ensure safety, then safety is improved, but network congestion increases and message loss occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes transmission parameters (frequency, technology, timer values) of VAM messages based on whether the VRU is characterized in CPMs. When a VRU is already characterized in CPMs, the system reduces VAM transmission frequency or switches to different transmission schemes, thereby reducing network congestion while maintaining safety coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts VAM transmission behavior based on real-time conditions. By monitoring whether CPMs contain VRU characterizations, the system adaptively modifies transmission schemes - switching between systematic transmission and reduced transmission modes - to balance safety requirements with network capacity constraints.
2Productivity
If CPM messages are transmitted without verification to improve communication efficiency, then productivity is improved, but trustworthiness and accuracy of road participant detection deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where receiving ITS stations verify certificates in CPM messages to authenticate the originating station's authority to characterize VRUs. This verification feedback ensures that only authenticated and accurate detection information is accepted, maintaining detection precision while enabling efficient communication through standardized verification procedures.
3Ease of operation
If all VRU stations transmit VAM messages using the same scheme to simplify operation, then ease of operation is improved, but congestion and message loss increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating transmission schemes based on local conditions - specifically whether the VRU is characterized in CPMs. Instead of uniform transmission across all VRUs, the system tailors transmission behavior to individual VRU situations, with some VRUs transmitting systematically and others using reduced schemes, thereby optimizing network throughput while maintaining operational simplicity through clear conditional rules.
Data Source
AI summary
According to some embodiments, there is provided a Collective Perception Message, CPM, characterizing a plurality of Vulnerable Road Users based on a plurality of received VAMs, thereby allowing an ITS station to efficiently aggregate VAM messages from VRUs and retransmit information about the VRUs to other ITS stations. Consequently, the security is improved as some ITS stations may not be able to detect or identify VRU stations by themselves but thanks to the CPM, these stations can still be informed of the VRUs. According to other aspects, congestion is avoided while maintaining safety vis-à-vis VRUs thanks to the use of a different transmission scheme when the VRU is already characterized in a CPM sent to the ITS stations. Also, a receiving station can evaluate whether the content of a CPM can be trusted or not. Safety is thus improved. This is achieved thanks to the CPM that references a certificate.