VSP Depth Domain Seismic Horizon Calibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing horizon calibration methods in seismic exploration often rely on time-domain profiles and conversion methods that fail to meet the high accuracy requirements of current technologies, particularly in depth migration applications.
Innovation Solution
A VSP-based depth domain seismic profile horizon calibration method that extracts upgoing wave data from seismic data, processes it to determine accurate reflection information, and generates a zero offset profile for precise calibration of depth-domain profiles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If time-domain profile calibration methods are used, then the calibration process is simple, but the calibration accuracy cannot meet the requirements of depth migration technology
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces VSP wavefield data as an intermediary to bridge the gap between time-domain and depth-domain calibration. The VSP data serves as a mediator that contains both time and depth information, enabling accurate depth-domain calibration while maintaining a systematic calibration workflow. The VSP wavefield acts as the intermediary substance that transfers calibration information from the wellbore to the seismic profile.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the calibration approach by changing the domain parameter from time to depth. This is achieved through parameter transformation where VSP wavefield data is processed to extract depth-domain reflection information, and then used to calibrate the depth-domain seismic profile. The parameter change from time-domain to depth-domain calibration directly resolves the accuracy issue.
2Measurement precision
If depth-domain calibration methods are used, then the calibration accuracy is improved, but the data processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex VSP wavefield data into distinct components: downgoing waves and upgoing waves. This segmentation is achieved through wavefield separation techniques that divide the total wavefield into its constituent parts. By processing these separated components independently, the patent simplifies the overall data processing task while maintaining depth calibration accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the useful upgoing wave information from the complex VSP wavefield data by removing the downgoing wave component. This extraction process isolates the reflection information that contains the depth calibration signals, making it easier to process and analyze. The extracted upgoing wave data is then used specifically for depth-domain calibration purposes.
3Reliability
If VSP wavefield data is processed with filtering and deconvolution, then the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but the processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies filtering and deconvolution operations as preliminary processing steps before the main calibration task. By preprocessing the VSP wavefield data to improve signal quality in advance, the subsequent calibration process becomes more efficient and requires fewer iterative adjustments. This preliminary action ensures that the input data for calibration is already optimized, reducing overall processing time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex iterative calibration mechanisms with direct mathematical transformations. Instead of using time-consuming trial-and-error calibration approaches, the patent employs direct deconvolution and filtering operations that computationally transform the data. This substitution of mechanical iterative processes with mathematical transformations significantly reduces processing time while maintaining high signal quality.
Data Source
AI summary
A VSP-based depth domain seismic profile horizon calibration method includes steps: obtaining VSP wavefield data of a depth domain (S10); determining first arrival time information on the basis of the VSP wavefield data (S20); processing the VSP wavefield data on the basis of a preset filtering method and the first arrival time information to obtain upgoing wave data (S30); generating a zero offset profile of the depth domain on the basis of the upgoing wave data (S40); and calibrating, on the basis of the zero offset profile, a depth-domain profile to be calibrated, so as to generate a corresponding calibration result (S50). Also provided are a VSP-based depth domain seismic profile horizon calibration apparatus and a computer-readable storage medium.