VSV Vector Antigen Combinations for Targeted Cancer Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatment methods are inadequate in effectively targeting and reducing cancer cells, particularly for types like melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colorectal cancer, brain tumors, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and non-small-cell lung carcinoma, as they often require invasive therapies and may not address the specific antigenic profiles of these cancers.
Innovation Solution
The use of combinations of antigens, such as GNAQ, TYRP1, N-RAS, BRAF, TOPO-IIα, YB-1, TGF-β, MDR1, TYRP-1, KDR2, and others, encoded in VSV vectors, which are administered to reduce cancer cell presence by targeting specific antigens and enhancing immune responses through immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional cancer treatment methods (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy) are used, then cancer cells can be treated, but the treatments are invasive and do not effectively target specific cancer antigen profiles
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical treatment methods (surgery, radiation) with an immunological mechanism. Viral vectors deliver antigens that stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells, eliminating the need for direct mechanical intervention while maintaining treatment effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces viral vectors as intermediaries to deliver cancer antigens to the immune system. These vectors act as mediators that bridge the gap between cancer cells and the immune response, enabling targeted treatment without direct invasive contact with the tumor.
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional cancer treatments are used, then general cancer therapy is provided, but they do not address the specific antigenic profiles of different cancer types
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by selecting and delivering specific antigen combinations tailored to the particular cancer type being treated. Different viral vector compositions are used for different cancers (e.g., melanoma-specific antigens for skin cancer), allowing the treatment to be customized to the local characteristics of each tumor type.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the cancer treatment approach into distinct antigen combinations, each targeting specific cancer types. This segmentation allows for specialized treatment protocols that address the unique antigenic profiles of different cancers without requiring a single complex universal treatment.
3Reliability
If combinations of multiple antigens are used, then cancer treatment effectiveness is improved, but the complexity of the treatment regimen increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antigen-encoding nucleic acid molecules into a single viral vector composition. This consolidation delivers multiple cancer antigens simultaneously through one administration, achieving the enhanced treatment effectiveness of multiple antigens while avoiding the complexity of administering separate molecular therapies.
Data Source
AI summary
This document provides methods and materials for treating cancer. For example, methods and materials for treating cancer using combinations of antigens are provided. For example, VSV vectors designed to express a GNAQ antigen, a TYRP1 antigen, and an N-RAS antigen can be used to reduce the number of cancer cells (e.g., uveal melanoma cells) within a mammal (e.g., a human). In some cases, VSV vectors designed to express a BRAF antigen, a TOPO-11a antigen, and a YB-I antigen can be used to reduce the number of cancer cells (e.g., skin melanoma cells) within a mammal (e.g., a human). The composition can comprise less than 50 separate nucleic acid molecules.