Wafer Inspection Color Correction Method

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current inspection methods for flat objects like wafers struggle to detect defects with high resolution and throughput, especially when defects have small variations from their environment, and are challenged by color variations caused by production technology.

Innovation Solution

A method that involves selecting portions in scanned and reference images, determining representative color or grey values, calculating a compare value, and using a correction value to enhance defect detection, allowing for improved visualization of both small and large defects while suppressing non-defect color variations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If high resolution inspection is used to detect small defects, then defect detection capability is improved, but inspection time increases and throughput decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefect detection capabilityVSAvoidinspection throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The inspection method divides the wafer surface into multiple regions and processes each region separately with optimized parameters. Small defects are detected using high-resolution analysis on specific regions, while other regions use faster processing, thus maintaining defect detection capability while improving overall throughput.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying full high-resolution inspection to the entire wafer surface, the method applies enhanced inspection only to regions where small defects are suspected or where production history indicates higher risk, performing partial high-resolution analysis to maintain throughput while detecting critical defects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

2Measurement precision

If strict detection threshold is used to identify all defects, then defect detection sensitivity is improved, but false detections increase due to color variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefect detection sensitivityVSAvoidfalse detection rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The method applies different detection thresholds and analysis parameters to different regions of the wafer based on local characteristics. Regions with known color variations use adjusted thresholds to prevent false detections, while regions with stable characteristics use stricter thresholds for high sensitivity, thus maintaining overall detection accuracy while reducing false positives.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The inspection system dynamically adjusts detection parameters including thresholds, contrast enhancement levels, and color correction factors based on the specific wafer batch, production conditions, and observed color variations. This adaptive parameter adjustment maintains high defect detection sensitivity while compensating for production-induced color variations to reduce false detections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS8837807B2Inspection method with color correction
Publication Date: 2014.09.16 UNITY SEMICONDUCTOR GMBH
  • US8837807B2 patent drawing
  • US8837807B2 patent drawing
  • US8837807B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A Method for inspecting flat objects, especially wafers, with an object surface, comprises the steps of: scanning a digital image with a plurality of image points of said object surface with color- or grey values for each of said image points; detecting defects on said object surface by comparing said scanned digital image to a digital reference image; defining and selecting corresponding portions in said scanned digital image and in the digital reference image; determining a representative color- or grey value for each of said selected portions; calculating a compare value from said representative color- or grey value of said scanned digital image of a portion and a representative color- or grey value of said digital reference image of the same portion; and correcting each image point of said scanned digital image with a correction value determined from said compare value of step (e).