Asynchronous Warp Engine for Wearable Display Latency Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Implementing a high-quality, fast, and asynchronous time warp on consumer hardware for wearable display devices is challenging due to issues with latency, throughput, and graphics hardware utilization in virtual reality systems.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that utilize a separate warp engine to perform just-in-time warping of images, asynchronously with respect to the GPU rendering, to correct for lens distortion and update positions, reducing motion-to-photon delay and memory bandwidth demands by writing only the necessary warped image portions to a cache for immediate display.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If asynchronous time warp is implemented on consumer hardware, then motion-to-photon delay is reduced and frame rate is improved, but device complexity and implementation difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemotion-to-photon delayVSAvoidimplementation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments the image processing pipeline by separating the GPU rendering function from the time warp function. The GPU renders images to a back buffer while a dedicated time warp engine independently warps and composites images asynchronously, allowing parallel processing without increasing overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A dedicated time warp engine acts as an intermediary component between the GPU and display. This intermediary handles the complex asynchronous warping operations, memory management, and image compositing, isolating the complexity from both the rendering and display subsystems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If high-quality time warp is implemented, then image quality and latency are improved, but processing speed and throughput decrease

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage qualityVSAvoidprocessing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary actions by pre-calculating warp transforms and preparing image data in advance. The time warp engine pre-processes images to the display resolution and applies warp transforms before they are needed for display, reducing real-time processing requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The asynchronous time warp operation maintains continuous useful action by operating independently of the GPU rendering cycle. The time warp engine continuously processes and composites images without waiting for GPU completion, ensuring steady throughput and consistent frame rates

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Ease of operation

If synchronous rendering with display refresh is used, then hardware utilization is simplified, but frame rate consistency and latency performance worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehardware utilizationVSAvoidframe rate consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system introduces dynamic operation by allowing the time warp engine to operate asynchronously with variable timing independent of the fixed display refresh cycle. This dynamic approach allows the rendering and warping processes to proceed at their own optimal rates while maintaining synchronization with the display through buffer management

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3552081B1Display synchronized image warping
Publication Date: 2020.11.18 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3552081B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3552081B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3552081B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for operating a wearable display device. Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for operating a wearable display device. The method includes determining a position of the wearable display device based on a motion sensor. The method includes rendering, by a graphics processing unit, an image based on the determined position. The method includes determining a first updated position of the wearable display device based on the motion sensor. The method includes warping, by a warp engine, a first portion of the rendered image based on the first updated position. The method includes displaying the warped first portion of the rendered image on a display of the wearable display device.