Waste-Derived Solid Catalyst for Dual-Mode Industrial Wastewater Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid catalysts for industrial wastewater treatment are limited in their ability to effectively adsorb pollutants in the absence of oxidizing agents and face high costs due to inefficient oxidation processes.
Innovation Solution
A solid catalyst comprising a mixture of iron, oxygen, manganese, carbon, nickel, zinc, and potassium, derived from waste materials, operates through a dual mechanism of catalytic oxidation and adsorption, enhancing pollutant removal by adsorbing molecules to active sites and releasing them during catalyst regeneration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If advanced oxidation processes are used to treat industrial wastewater, then polluting load is reduced and biodegradability is improved, but treatment costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the catalyst by incorporating specific metal oxides (Fe2O3, MnO2, NiO, ZnO, K2O) in optimized ratios, which modifies the catalytic activity and allows effective oxidation at lower costs compared to conventional advanced oxidation processes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite catalyst material combining multiple metal oxides (iron oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, and potassium oxide) to achieve synergistic effects that enhance oxidation efficiency while reducing treatment costs
2Use of energy by moving object
If heterogeneous catalysis is used with solid catalysts, then reaction kinetics are less influenced by external factors and energy consumption is reduced, but adsorption capability in the absence of oxidizing agents is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The composite catalyst combines multiple metal oxides that provide both catalytic activity for oxidation and high surface area for adsorption, enabling the material to function effectively in both oxidation mode and adsorption mode without oxidizing agents
Solution Approach 2:
The catalyst utilizes porous structures with high surface area to enhance adsorption capability, allowing pollutant molecules to be effectively adsorbed onto the catalyst surface even in the absence of oxidizing agents
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst achieves a 45% total organic carbon removal from industrial wastewater, offering a cost-effective and efficient dual action mechanism of oxidation and adsorption, reducing environmental impact by utilizing waste materials.
Implementation Method 1
The molecules of the pollutants are fixed to the surface of the particles of the solid catalyst owing to the phenomenon of adsorption
Implementation Method 2
Heterogeneous catalysis methods are preferably used - namely catalysis methods in which the catalyst and the reactants are in different phases
Implementation Method 3
the advanced oxidation processes enable the suspended and dissolved pollutants to be degraded chemically
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
AI summary
A solid catalyst, usable for treating industrial wastewater, comprises a mixture of iron, oxygen, manganese, carbon, nickel, zinc and potassium. The aforesaid catalyst is able to catalyze oxidation processes of polluting agents in the presence of oxidizing agents and, alternatively, to act as an adsorbent of the polluting agents in the absence of the oxidizing agents. A method for depurating industrial wastewater by using the aforesaid solid catalyst comprises: adding the solid catalyst to industrial wastewater to be treated, so as to bring the catalyst into contact with the wastewater; adding optionally an oxidizing agent; in the presence of the oxidizing agent, removing polluting agents contained in the wastewater through oxidation processes that are catalyzed by the solid catalyst, or, in the absence of the oxidizing agent, removing the polluting agents by the adsorption thereof to the solid catalyst.