Heterogeneous Waste Gasification with a Metal Thermal Bridge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing gasification processes face challenges in efficiently transferring thermal energy from the exothermic zone to the endothermic zone, leading to phenomena like 'channeling' and low heat transfer efficiency, resulting in incomplete carbon oxidation and high residual carbon in slag.
Innovation Solution
The process eliminates the bed of organic raw material and uses a metal thermal bridge with high thermal conductivity to transport thermal energy from the gasification reactor to the pyrolysis reactor, facilitating heat transfer by convection and radiation, and controls gas flow to enhance contact between oxygen and solid carbon.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If thermal energy is transferred through syngas in the bed of organic material, then the process can maintain simplicity in structure, but heat transfer efficiency is low and channeling phenomenon occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a metal thermal bridge as an intermediary substance to transfer thermal energy from the gasification zone to the pyrolysis zone. This metal bridge has high thermal conductivity and acts as a mediator between the two zones, eliminating the need for direct syngas flow through the organic bed while achieving efficient heat transfer.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the convective heat transfer mechanism (syngas flowing through the bed) with a conductive heat transfer mechanism (metal thermal bridge). This substitution eliminates channeling phenomena and significantly improves heat transfer efficiency by using the metal's high thermal conductivity property.
2Device complexity
If syngas is used to heat the raw material bed, then the process can be simplified, but heat transfer from transport agent to organic material is inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The metal thermal bridge serves as an intermediary that directly transfers thermal energy from the gasification zone to the pyrolysis zone, eliminating the inefficiency of heating organic material through syngas flow. The metal bridge provides a direct thermal conduction path that is much more efficient than convective heating.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the heat transfer mechanism from convection (syngas flow) to conduction (metal thermal bridge). This parameter change in the heat transfer mode fundamentally improves the efficiency of energy transfer from the transport agent to the organic material.
3Ease of operation
If conventional gasification bed is used, then processing is straightforward, but carbon oxidation is incomplete and residual carbon in slag is high
Solution Approach 1:
The metal thermal bridge acts as an intermediary that provides controlled and efficient heat transfer to the organic material, enabling more complete carbon oxidation. By eliminating the bed structure and using direct thermal conduction through the metal bridge, the system achieves better oxidation completeness while maintaining operational simplicity.
4Productivity
If heterogeneous organic materials are processed without drying, then productivity increases, but heat transfer efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The metal thermal bridge serves as an efficient heat transfer intermediary that can effectively transfer thermal energy to heterogeneous organic materials without requiring them to be dried first. The high thermal conductivity of the metal bridge compensates for the varying moisture content and physical properties of different organic materials, maintaining heat transfer efficiency while allowing direct processing of wet, heterogeneous materials.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method increases heat transfer efficiency, reduces residual carbon in slag, and allows the processing of heterogeneous organic materials without drying, while producing syngas with controlled composition for various applications.
Implementation Method 1
uses a metal thermal bridge with high thermal conductivity to transport thermal energy from the gasification reactor to the pyrolysis reactor
Implementation Method 2
facilitating heat transfer by convection and radiation
Implementation Method 3
facilitating heat transfer by convection and radiation
Implementation Method 4
controls the flow of gasifying agent so that in the first phase to create a vortex flow
Implementation Method 5
The 2 stages take place in a common reactor, in which the thermal energy produced in the exothermic oxidation reactions of carbon is largely consumed for the heating of organic materials
Implementation Method 6
Gasification, consists mainly in the transformation of solid carbon into gas by partial oxidation at temperatures above 850° C.
Implementation Method 7
Stage 1, Pyrolysis, is a process of transformation or thermal decomposition of compounds or organic chemicals under conditions of high temperatures and without oxygen/air
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a process and an installation for the continuous flow of gasification of heterogeneous mixtures of organic substances and compounds such as biomass waste, forestry, municipal solid and liquid waste, sludge from sewage treatment plants and other similar waste. The process has the following steps: a) the organic raw material in heterogeneous mixture is introduced into the pyrolysis reactor where it is gradually heated, by forced convection and thermal radiation, to a temperature of 900 . . . 1000° C., being kept in contact with metal surfaces that transport thermal energy through conduction from the exothermic area of the gasification reactor. The metal surfaces are placed in fixed positions, different so that the contact surface changes after 5 . . . 20 cm traversed by the flow of organic raw material, each group of metal slats forming 2 . . . 8 separation planes, b) the results the pyrolysis process, respectively the solid, liquid and gaseous phases, are gravitationally transferred to the gasification reactor (1) where they are mixed with the gasification agent, respectively air/oxygen and steam in two successive enclosures, the first enclosure with vortex flow and the second with laminar flow, each stage having independent control of the process parameters. The installation according to the invention consists of one or more pyrolysis reactors (2) of cylindrical or prismatic shape, fixed in the enclosures (15) of the gasification reactor (1), a nozzle system (18) for the controlled introduction of air/oxygen and a lock system consisting of the valve (3) and the container (4) for slag removal.