Waste Building Material Countercurrent Reactor for Low-Energy CO2 Binding

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for capturing and storing carbon dioxide from cement production are energy-intensive and create new emission sources, lacking a safe and permanent solution.

Innovation Solution

A carbon dioxide separation system using a countercurrent reactor design for processing old building materials, which minimizes energy requirements by avoiding thermal activation and utilizing gravity-driven solids transport and countercurrent gas flow to enhance reaction efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional carbonate looping process is used to capture and store carbon dioxide, then carbon dioxide separation is achieved, but energy-intensive burning, compression, transport and injection create new emission sources and increase the amount of carbon dioxide to be stored

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarbon dioxide storage safetyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and eliminates the energy-intensive steps (burning, compression, transport, injection) from the conventional carbonate looping process, retaining only the essential carbon dioxide capture function while replacing the storage mechanism with direct binding to old building materials, thereby removing the source of new emissions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The old building materials serve themselves by directly binding and storing carbon dioxide without requiring external energy input for processing, transforming the waste material into an active carbon dioxide sink that performs the storage function autonomously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Productivity

If thermal activation is applied to old building materials to enhance carbon dioxide binding, then reaction activity increases, but additional energy input and potential new emissions are created

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarbon dioxide binding rateVSAvoidenergy input
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The old building materials naturally bind carbon dioxide through their inherent chemical properties without requiring external thermal activation, allowing the material to serve itself and eliminating the need for energy-intensive heating processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operational parameters from high-temperature thermal activation to ambient or mild conditions, utilizing the natural reactivity of old building materials to bind carbon dioxide effectively without additional energy input

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Loss of substance

If old concrete is recycled to produce new cement, then resource conservation is achieved, but sand and set cement are mixed and bonded together making separation difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewaste material utilizationVSAvoidmaterial separation difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of substanceVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the valuable old cement block from the waste concrete by utilizing its carbon dioxide binding capability directly, eliminating the need to separate sand from cement and allowing the use of entire concrete structures as carbon dioxide sinks

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention converts the previously problematic mixed waste concrete into a beneficial carbon dioxide binding material, where the bonded sand and cement that made separation difficult now work together as an effective carbon dioxide sink

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively binds carbon dioxide without additional energy input, ensuring safe and permanent storage, reducing the risk of new emissions and enhancing reaction efficiency through optimized moisture control and prolonged residence time.

Implementation Method 1

The humidification device is connected to the conversion device for transferring moistened waste material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 2

The chemical conversion between the waste material and the carbon dioxide takes place either in a sludge reactor, a fluidized-bed reactor, a riser reactor, or a mixer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCarbon dioxide binding: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 3

The solids stream thus flows from the comminution device via the humidification device to the conversion device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP4543819B1Method and device for efficiently reducing carbon dioxide emissions through binding to a waste building material
Publication Date: 2025.07.02 THYSSENKRUPP POLYSIUS GMBH
  • EP4543819B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide separation system, the carbon dioxide separation system having a waste building material feed, a comminuting device, a humidifying device (55), and a conversion device (60), the waste building material feed being connected to the comminuting device in order to transfer waste building material, the comminuting device being connected to the humidifying device (55) in order to transfer comminuted waste building material, the humidifying device (55) being connected to the conversion device (60) in order to transfer humidified waste building material, characterised in that the conversion device (60) is a countercurrent reactor, the conversion device (60) having a gas feed (63) at the bottom for the gas to be cleaned, the conversion device (60) having a solid material feed (61) at the top, the solid material feed (61) being connected to the humidifying device (55) in order to transfer humidified waste building material, and the conversion device (60) having a solid material outlet (62) at the bottom.