Waste Separation Device Helical Transport Rib
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing waste separation devices lack a simple structure that enables controlled, forced transport of waste components and effective size reduction of larger fractions into smaller components for efficient sieving, particularly in a horizontal arrangement.
Innovation Solution
The device features a cylindrical sieve drum with a helical transport rib extending over its length, strategically arranged holes in a helical pattern, breakers for size reduction, and obstruction plates to prevent elongate components from passing through, along with overturners to prevent clumping, ensuring efficient separation of waste into large and small fractions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a horizontal arrangement of the drum is used, then the structure is simplified, but controlled forced transport of waste components through the drum is not guaranteed
Solution Approach 1:
A transport rib is introduced as an intermediary element inside the drum to provide forced transport. The transport rib extends along the drum axis and has helical or angled surfaces that push waste components in the transport direction, ensuring controlled movement from feed opening to discharge opening without requiring complex external forcing mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The transport rib is designed with a helical or angled curved surface that conforms to the drum's rotational motion. This curved geometry allows the rib to effectively push waste components along the drum axis while accommodating the rotational movement, achieving forced transport in a horizontal arrangement through geometric design rather than complex mechanical forcing.
2Productivity
If larger waste components are present, then the separation capacity is reduced, but size reduction of larger fractions increases processing complexity
Solution Approach 1:
Breakers are positioned in the feed opening area to perform preliminary size reduction of large waste components before they enter the drum. These breakers mechanically fragment large pieces into smaller components that can pass through the sieve holes, ensuring the drum receives material suitable for effective separation without requiring complex internal processing mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The device segments the waste processing function into distinct zones: a pre-processing zone with breakers for size reduction, a separation zone with the drum and sieve holes for fractionation, and a discharge zone for sorted material. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function efficiently, maintaining high separation capacity while managing processing complexity through functional division.
3Productivity
If holes are arranged to maximize sieving, then separation efficiency increases, but elongate waste components may pass through incorrectly
Solution Approach 1:
The sieve holes are designed with asymmetric dimensions where the width (in the radial direction) is smaller than the depth (in the axial direction). This asymmetric geometry allows circular or compact small components to pass through while blocking elongate components that would require more space to fit through, ensuring accurate separation based on component geometry rather than just size.
Solution Approach 2:
The hole pattern and dimensions are optimized locally to match the specific separation requirements. By controlling the local geometry of holes (asymmetric width-to-depth ratio) and their distribution, the system achieves high separation efficiency for small components while maintaining reliability in rejecting elongate components, as each local area of the sieve is designed with appropriate characteristics for its function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration ensures effective sieving and separation of waste components, increasing the proportion of small components that can pass through the drum, enhancing the device's effectiveness and preventing clumping, which would otherwise disrupt the sieving process.
Implementation Method 1
at least one transport rib which is located on the inner surface of the drum and which urges, and thus transports, waste which is present in the drum in the transport direction
Implementation Method 2
the breakers act to mechanically process the waste flow in that the more or less sharp front edges of the breakers will exert a considerable force on the passing waste components. These are thereby pulled apart and broken
Implementation Method 3
a number of angularly equidistantly disposed obstruction plates which together cover the holes and which are supported via supports on the outer side of the drum by this drum
Implementation Method 4
which drum has a pattern of continuous holes through which only relatively small waste components can pass
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
Device (1) for separating waste into relatively large and relatively small components, the device comprising: a rotatable sieve drum; at least one helical transport rib (14) located on the inner surface of the drum and which transports waste in a transport direction (15) when the drum (3) rotates; and a number of obstruction plates (16) which cover the holes, supported on the outer side of the drum (3) by this drum (3), and which serve to prevent passage of elongate waste components through the holes (10). The holes (10) are grouped in a pattern such that a number of holes (10) is disposed in a helical row, this row having a helical form corresponding to the adjacent transport rib (14) placed downstream in the transport direction, and the distance of each hole (10) to this transport rib (14) is smaller than 0.4 x the smallest linear dimension of a hole.