Wastewater Treatment Control Using pH and Redox Probes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Small and medium-sized wastewater treatment plants face inefficiencies in managing the nitrification and denitrification processes due to variability in the ratio of biodegradable organic material and nitrites/nitrates, leading to suboptimal energy consumption and treatment efficiency, as existing instrumentation is costly and lacks automated oxygen management.

Innovation Solution

An automated system using pH and redox potential probes to regulate the recirculation pump flow rate and oxygen blower in aerobic tanks, adjusting based on real-time measurements to maintain a balanced ratio of organic material to nitrites/nitrates, optimizing both denitrification and nitrification processes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If multiple specific probes for each compound are used to monitor nitrification and denitrification processes, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemonitoring accuracyVSAvoidinstrumentation cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a multi-functional probe system where pH and redox potential probes serve multiple monitoring purposes. These probes simultaneously track multiple compounds and process stages (nitrification and denitrification) rather than requiring separate dedicated probes for each compound, thereby reducing overall system complexity and cost while maintaining comprehensive monitoring capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses pH and redox potential as intermediary parameters that indirectly indicate the concentrations of various compounds involved in nitrification and denitrification. Instead of directly measuring each compound with specialized probes, the system measures these intermediary parameters that reflect the overall process state, enabling cost-effective monitoring through standard sensors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of operation

If the recirculation pump flow rate is kept constant to simplify operation, then ease of operation is improved, but productivity decreases due to inability to adapt to varying organic material ratios

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational simplicityVSAvoidtreatment efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control system where the recirculation pump flow rate is automatically adjusted based on real-time measurements from pH and redox potential probes. The control unit continuously monitors process parameters and modifies the pump operation accordingly, maintaining high treatment efficiency while requiring minimal manual intervention from operators

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system transitions from static constant flow operation to dynamic variable flow operation. The recirculation pump flow rate is made adjustable and responsive to changing process conditions, allowing the system to adapt to varying organic material ratios and maintain optimal denitrification efficiency throughout different operational phases

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Reliability

If oxygen is continuously blown into the aerobic tank to ensure nitrification, then reliability of nitrification process is improved, but energy consumption increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenitrification process stabilityVSAvoidoxygen consumption energy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic or variable oxygen supply instead of continuous aeration. The blower operation is modulated based on process needs detected by pH and redox potential measurements, providing oxygen during critical nitrification phases while reducing or stopping supply during denitrification phases, thereby maintaining reliable nitrification when needed while significantly reducing overall energy consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes operational parameters including oxygen supply rate and aeration intensity based on process conditions. By adjusting these parameters according to real-time measurements, the system ensures reliable nitrification when required while minimizing energy consumption during periods when lower oxygen levels suffice or when denitrification is the priority

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution reduces energy consumption by up to 40% and enhances treatment efficiency, making it cost-effective for smaller plants by using low-cost, robust probes and intelligent control logic to manage oxygen and recirculation rates dynamically.

Implementation Method 1

a pH measuring probe (8, 10) housed respectively in the anoxic tank (2) and in the aerobic tank (4)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectpH measurement:

Implementation Method 2

a redox potential measuring probe (9) housed in the anoxic tank (2)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRedox potential measurement: Redox Reactions

Implementation Method 3

a dissolved oxygen measuring probe (15) housed in the aerobic tank (4)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDissolved oxygen measurement:

Implementation Method 4

The nitrification process consists in oxidisation of the ammonia by the action of the oxygen. The ammonia is oxidised first to nitrites, as an intermediate reaction, and then to nitrates, as a final reaction.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNitrification: Oxidation

Implementation Method 5

The denitrification process consists in reduction of the nitrates first to nitrites and then to molecular nitrogen by the action of bacteria in an environment without oxygen

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDenitrification: Reduction

Data Source

PatentEP3390289B1Assembly for the automated management of plants for the biological treatment of wastewater
Publication Date: 2020.08.12 ENTE PER LE NUOVE TECH LENERGIA E LAMBIENTE (ENEA)
  • EP3390289B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

An assembly (7) for the management of a wastewater treatment plant (1) comprising an anoxic tank (2), in which a denitrification process takes place, an aerobic tank (4), which is designed to receive wastewater to be treated from said anoxic tank (2) and in which a nitrification process takes place, and a recirculation system (6), which is designed to transfer wastewater to be treated from the aerobic tank (4) to the anoxic tank (2). The assembly (7) comprises a pH measuring probe (8), which is housed on the inside of said anoxic tank (2), a redox potential measuring probe (9), which is housed on the inside of the anoxic tank (2), a control unit (12), which is designed to receive signals from the pH measuring probe (8) and the redox potential measuring probe (9), and a variable-capacity pump (13), which is inserted in said recirculation system (6) and is controlled by the control unit (12 ).