Watch Gear Tooth Profile for Constant Torque Transmission

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Solution Overview

Problem

In watchmaking, existing gear wheels with teeth profiles based on geometric curves like cycloids and involutes face issues with constant torque transmission due to friction, leading to variations in force transmission and chronometric performance degradation.

Innovation Solution

A method for manufacturing a second gear wheel with a defined flank geometry that maintains a constant torque ratio with a given first gear wheel by using a man-machine interface to input parameters, solving equations for torque balance and kinematic relationships, and interpolating points to construct the tooth flank, ensuring consistent torque transmission.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If gear teeth profiles are based on geometric curves (cycloid, epicycloid, hypocycloid, or involute), then the speed of rotation transmission remains substantially constant, but friction forces cause torque transmission to vary during tooth drive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeed of rotation transmissionVSAvoidtorque transmission constancy
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the geometric parameters of the tooth profile from traditional curves (cycloid, epicycloid, hypocycloid, or involute) to a new profile defined by specific mathematical equations (equations 1-4). This parameter change allows the tooth flanks to maintain constant torque transmission while accounting for friction forces, resolving the contradiction between speed transmission and torque constancy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces a dynamic approach by defining the tooth profile based on friction coefficients and torque balance equations rather than static geometric curves. The profile adapts to the friction conditions during tooth engagement, allowing the system to maintain constant torque transmission despite the presence of friction forces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of manufacture

If variable torque transmission is accepted due to friction, then manufacturing is simpler with standard geometric curves, but chronometric performance degrades due to force variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetooth profile manufacturingVSAvoidchronometric performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the manufacturing approach from standard geometric curves to profiles defined by equations (1-4) that incorporate friction coefficients. While this requires more complex calculation, it ensures constant torque transmission and improved chronometric performance. The manufacturing process uses these equations to generate precise tooth profiles that account for friction forces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention incorporates friction coefficients as feedback parameters in the tooth profile design equations. By considering the friction forces that will act during operation and incorporating them into the profile design, the system achieves constant torque transmission and improved chronometric performance without sacrificing manufacturability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Device complexity

If traditional geometric curve profiles are used, then the gear structure is simpler, but the torque ratio varies during tooth drive due to friction forces

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegear structureVSAvoidtorque ratio constancy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the tooth profile parameters from traditional geometric curves to profiles defined by equations (1-4) that incorporate friction coefficients. This parameter change maintains relatively simple gear structures while achieving constant torque ratio transmission by accounting for friction forces in the profile design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method ensures a quasi-constant or constant torque ratio between meshed gear wheels, enhancing chronometric precision and reducing variations in force transmission, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of watch movements.

Implementation Method 1

considering a first equation defining the power or torque balance of at least a pair of teeth in contact of the two gear wheels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTorque balance: Torque

Implementation Method 2

entering a coefficient of friction of a pair of teeth in contact of the two gear wheels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Implementation Method 3

constructing the flank of said tooth of the second gear wheel, for example by interpolation, in particular by interpolation by a succession of straight lines and/or curves, in particular splines, between said points

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInterpolation:

Data Source

PatentEP3244094B1Gear wheel for a clock movement
Publication Date: 2023.08.16 ROLEX SA
  • EP3244094B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3244094B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3244094B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Gear wheel (R2) for a watch movement, adapted to cooperate with a given first gear wheel (R1), characterized in that it comprises teeth whose flank is defined so that the torque ratio j between the two gear wheels (R1, R2) meshed is constant at least over a given angular pitch.