Water-Based Adhesive Compound Low-Temperature Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Water-based adhesive compounds for tyre manufacturing face challenges in dispersion and stability of ingredients, especially with high solid material content, and reduced adhesive capacity at low temperatures, limiting their ecological and climatic adaptability.
Innovation Solution
A water-based adhesive compound comprising a cross-linkable unsaturated-chain polymer base, an emulsifier of specific formula, and an alkylphenol-formaldehyde resin, which ensures high stability and adhesion even at low temperatures with a high percentage of solid material, using a combination of surfactants and alkylphenol-formaldehyde resin.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If water-based adhesive compounds are used to reduce organic solvent content, then ecological compatibility is improved, but dispersion and stability of compound ingredients deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a specific emulsifier with general formula (I) as an intermediary substance to facilitate the dispersion and stabilization of compound ingredients in water-based adhesive. This emulsifier acts as a mediator between the hydrophobic compound ingredients and hydrophilic water solvent, enabling stable dispersion without requiring organic solvents.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical structure parameters of the emulsifier by defining specific ranges for R1 (aliphatic group C6-C23), R2 (H or aliphatic group C1-C8), R3 (H or aliphatic or aromatic group C1-C8), and X (metal cation). These parameter changes optimize the emulsifier's ability to stabilize compound ingredients in water-based adhesive systems.
2Stability of the object's composition
If different types of emulsifiers are used to disperse different ingredients, then dispersion effectiveness is improved, but adhesion of the compound deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a universal emulsifier with general formula (I) that can disperse multiple different compound ingredients simultaneously while maintaining adhesion performance. This single multi-functional emulsifier replaces the need for multiple specialized emulsifiers, solving both dispersion and adhesion requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple emulsification functions into a single emulsifier molecule with general formula (I). This merged structure integrates the abilities to disperse various compound ingredients while preserving adhesive properties, eliminating the negative interaction between multiple different emulsifiers.
3Productivity
If water-based adhesive compounds contain high percentage of solid material for faster drying, then productivity is improved, but stability of the compound deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The emulsifier with general formula (I) acts as a stabilizing intermediary that enables the system to accommodate high solid material content (10-40% by weight) without compromising stability. It mediates between the increased solid content and water solvent, preventing phase separation and maintaining compound stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the parameter ranges of the emulsifier structure to specifically handle high solid material concentrations. The aliphatic group C6-C23 and metal cation X provide optimal steric and electrostatic stabilization for high solid content formulations, enabling both high productivity and stability.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional water-based adhesive compounds are used, then ecological compatibility is improved, but adhesive capacity at low temperature deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of the emulsifier (specifically the aliphatic group chain length C6-C23 and the metal cation X) to optimize low-temperature adhesive performance. These parameter changes enable the water-based adhesive to maintain flexibility and adhesion at temperatures below 15°C without requiring organic solvents.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compound achieves enhanced stability and adhesion at low temperatures, maintaining usability with higher solid content, outperforming control compounds in both water-based and solvent-based adhesive systems, as demonstrated by laboratory tests.
Implementation Method 1
the problem of dispersion and stability of the compound ingredients in the water solvent must be addressed
Implementation Method 2
adhesive capacity of the compound at low temperature, to enable tyres to be produced regardless of the climate
Data Source
AI summary
A water-based adhesive compound having water as a solvent; a cross-linkable, unsaturated-chain polymer base; an emulsifier of general formula (I), and an alkylphenol-formaldehyde resin; R1CONR2CHR3COOX ( I) where : R1 is an aliphatic group C6-C23 R2 is H or an aliphatic group C1-C8 R3 is H or an aliphatic or aromatic group Ci-Cg and X is a metal cation.