2.5 Litre P-Trap Water Closet Optimized Flow Dynamics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ceramic water closets require a minimum of 4.5 liters of water per full flush, which is inefficient in terms of water usage, and there is a need to reduce this volume to 2.5 liters while maintaining compliance with international flushing standards without using external energy sources.
Innovation Solution
The design focuses on optimizing three internal areas of the water closet: the sump and trap-way for correct water flow and agitation, the water distribution holes in the rim for efficient cleaning, and the cistern for optimal water pressure, with a slimmed-down design to achieve the reduced water volume of 2.5 liters, ensuring compliance with international standards.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of substance
If the water volume per flush is reduced from 4.5 liters to 2.5 liters, then water consumption is reduced, but the cleaning effectiveness and waste removal capability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the trap-way, specifically extending the horizontal section and optimizing the transition curves between vertical and horizontal portions. This modifies the water flow path length and velocity distribution, allowing 2.5 liters of water to achieve the same cleaning effect as 4.5 liters by optimizing the flow dynamics through parameter optimization.
Solution Approach 2:
The trap-way design incorporates smooth curved transitions between vertical and horizontal sections, eliminating sharp angles. The rounded geometry promotes laminar flow and prevents turbulence-induced dead zones, ensuring efficient waste removal with reduced water volume by optimizing the flow path curvature.
2Speed
If the trap-way geometry is modified to extend the horizontal section, then water flow velocity and cleaning capability are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The trap-way is segmented into distinct functional sections: a vertical drop section for potential energy conversion, a curved transition section for flow direction change, and an extended horizontal section for waste transport. This segmentation allows each section to be optimized independently for its specific function while maintaining overall system simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of the conventional design where the horizontal section is shorter, this patent inverts the typical geometry by extending the horizontal section and reducing the vertical drop. This inverted approach allows the water to maintain higher velocity for longer duration in the horizontal section, improving waste transport capability with the same water volume.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new design effectively reduces water usage to 2.5 liters per full flush, maintaining reliability and aesthetics, while ensuring compliance with international standards, thereby reducing water costs and conserving natural resources.
Implementation Method 1
Water will fall by gravity into the Pan rim where it is directed through holes in the base of the rim on to the inside face of the Pan bowl. Water will continue to run down the Pan bowl and into the sump at the base of the Pan. The pressure and velocity of the water in the Pan sump created by gravity is enough to clear the sump of all waste deposits and transport to the external pipe-work drains
Data Source
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AI summary
The new 2.5 Litre P trap Water Closet Invention has proved without doubt that it is fit for purpose and is capable of surpassing all International Standards. The main attributes of the Invention are reducing water cost for the consumer, reducing maintenance and operational costs for the water authorities and helping to preserve a natural resource worldwide.