Water-Compatible Sol Coatings With Stable Washproof Textile Finishing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current inorganic/organic sol-gel systems for textile finishing are not storage-stable and water-compatible, making them unsuitable for industrial-scale textile applications due to instability under alkaline conditions, high water sensitivity, and flammability concerns, which limits their use in textile finishing processes.
Innovation Solution
A process for preparing storage-stable and water-compatible sols by mixing organosols, alkoxides, complexing agents, and high-boiling solvents, followed by distillation to adjust the flash point, creating a stable and uniform coating agent that maintains flexibility and resistance to alkaline washes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If highly reactive cross-linking coating agents are used to ensure washproof durability, then coating stability under alkaline conditions is improved, but storage stability and water compatibility deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The coating system is divided into separate components: a water-compatible organosol base and cross-linking agents that are added only before application. This segmentation allows the base to remain storage-stable and water-compatible, while the cross-linking agents provide washproof durability when activated at the appropriate time.
Solution Approach 2:
The organosol is prepared in advance with water-compatible solvents and stabilizing additives that prevent premature cross-linking. This preliminary preparation ensures storage stability while maintaining the capability for subsequent cross-linking to achieve washproof durability.
2Reliability
If inorganic/organic sol-gel systems are used to achieve functional properties, then coating performance is improved, but water compatibility and storage stability worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The solvent composition is modified by using high-boiling water-compatible solvents (boiling point >150°C) instead of traditional low-boiling solvents. This parameter change allows the sol-gel system to maintain water compatibility and storage stability while retaining the functional properties of inorganic/organic composites.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses composite organosol formulations combining organic solvents with water-compatible additives and stabilizing agents. This composite approach enables the coating to exhibit both the functional properties of sol-gel systems and the water compatibility needed for textile applications.
3Ease of operation
If alcohol-based sols are diluted with water to reach application concentrations, then ease of application is improved, but hydrolysis and condensation increase causing instability
Solution Approach 1:
Water-compatible solvents with high boiling points act as intermediaries between the alcohol-based organosol and water. These intermediaries allow gradual mixing and dilution while preventing rapid hydrolysis and condensation, maintaining formulation stability during the dilution process.
Solution Approach 2:
The formulation includes stabilizing additives and uses controlled dilution procedures that cushion against rapid hydrolysis. By preparing the organosol with appropriate stabilizers and adding water gradually, the system prevents instability before it occurs.
4Productivity
If concentrated sols are used to reduce number of applications, then productivity is improved, but flash point decreases creating safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The solvent system is designed with high-boiling components (boiling point >150°C) that inherently provide a higher flash point. This parameter change allows the use of concentrated sols for improved productivity while maintaining safe flammability characteristics for industrial application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting sols provide a stable, washproof coating that maintains substrate flexibility and resistance to alkaline washes, suitable for textile finishing, with a flash point above 65°C, ensuring safe and effective application in textile processing.
Implementation Method 1
from 0 to 8% by weight of one or more complexing agents for reducing the hydrolysis rate of components (A) and (B)
Implementation Method 2
from 12 to 99.5% by weight of one or more water-compatible or water-miscible solvents having a boiling point of at least 150° C.
Implementation Method 3
the reaction is optionally followed by removing the alcohol formed in the hydrolysis by distillation at a boiling point of up to 160° C. to adjust a flash point of the reaction product of at least 65° C.
Implementation Method 4
an organosol obtainable by the hydrolysis and condensation of one or more silicon compounds of general formula I
Implementation Method 5
an organosol obtainable by the hydrolysis and condensation of one or more silicon compounds of general formula I
Data Source
AI summary
Processes for treating a wide variety of substrates with transparent, storage-stable and water-compatible inorganic/organic sols suitable for the surface functionalization comprising said transparent and storage-stable coating agent containing a water-compatible sol and water in a weight ratio of 100:1 to 1:500; said water-compatible sol obtained by mixing the following components:(A) from 0.5 to 40% by weight of an organosol obtainable by the hydrolysis and condensation of one or more silicon compounds of general formula Iwherein R represents the same or different hydrocarbon groups with from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with functional groups, which are bonded to the silicon atom through a carbon atom, optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or the group NR3, with R3 being hydrogen or C1 to C14 alkyl;the radicals R1 are the same or different and represent R4 or Si(R5)3, wherein R4 are the same or different and each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or the group NR3 with the meaning mentioned above; and R5 is R4 and/or O—R4;R2 are the same or different and represent O—R1 or R4, R1 and R4 having the meanings as mentioned above; and n is from 1 to 30;B) from 0 to 40% by weight of one or more alkoxides of general formula II Me(OR4)m (II) wherein in the case where n=1, Me represents Si and m is 4, and in the case where n>1, Me represents Si, Ti, Zr, Hf or Al, and m is the valence of the metal cation, and R4 has the meaning mentioned above;(C) from 0 to 8% by weight of one or more complexing agents for reducing the hydrolysis rate of components (A) and (B); and(D) from 12 to 99.5% by weight of one or more water-compatible or water-miscible solvents having a boiling point of at least 150 ° C.;respectively based on 100% by weight of components (A), (B), (C) and (D) characterized in that alcohols having a boiling point of at most 160 ° C., formed during hydrolysis, are removed by distillation to adjust the flash point.