Water Glass Fire Protection Compositions with Expanded Insulating Layer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire protection compositions have inadequate fire protection performance due to low water content, mechanical instability, and lack of adhesive properties, leading to powdery residues and the need for additional adhesives, which can promote fires.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising two different soda water glasses with specific viscosities, microcapsules with propellant gas, a ceramization component, and organic fibers, which expands to form a dimensionally stable, adhesive, and insulating layer without the use of expandable graphite or triazine derivatives.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If expandable graphite is used as a blowing agent, then the composition can achieve expansion in fire, but the inflated layer becomes mechanically unstable and forms powdery residues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the blowing agent system by replacing expandable graphite with organic fiber suspensions and chemical blowing agents. This substitution fundamentally alters the expansion mechanism to produce a cohesive foam structure rather than discrete graphite platelets, thereby achieving both fire protection and mechanical stability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite fire protection system combining organic fibers, water glass binders, and chemical blowing agents. This composite approach allows the inflated layer to achieve both expansion capability and mechanical coherence, eliminating the powdery residue problem while maintaining fire protection performance
2Strength
If additional adhesive materials are used to improve adhesion, then the composition gains adhesive properties, but the fire risk increases due to flammable adhesives
Solution Approach 1:
The water glass binder system provides self-adhesion to the substrate through its inherent binding properties, eliminating the need for separate adhesive materials. The composition adheres to the substrate using only its own components, specifically the water glass which forms a strong bond without requiring additional flammable adhesives
Solution Approach 2:
The patent removes the need for additional adhesive materials by incorporating adhesion functionality directly into the fire protection composition itself. The water glass binder system extracts the adhesive function from the system, allowing the composition to adhere to substrates using only its own components without requiring external adhesive additives
3Reliability
If the water content is increased to improve cooling effect, then the fire protection performance is enhanced, but the composition becomes less stable and more prone to evaporation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the water content parameter to a specific range (40-70% by weight) and combines it with water glass binders and hygroscopic additives. This parameter optimization maintains high water content for cooling while the water glass and hygroscopic substances prevent excessive evaporation and maintain compositional stability during storage and application
4Volume of moving object
If expandable graphite is used as a blowing agent, then the composition achieves expansion, but the adhesion to substrate is insufficient and the layer chips off easily
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a composite system where organic fibers, water glass binders, and chemical blowing agents work together. The organic fibers provide structural reinforcement and adhesion to the substrate, while the water glass binder ensures strong bonding. This composite approach achieves both expansion and adhesion simultaneously, preventing chipping and delamination
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves improved fire protection with higher water content, stable adhesion, and enhanced insulating properties, eliminating the need for additional adhesives and preventing powdery residues, while maintaining a high water content to prevent evaporation.
Implementation Method 1
When exposed to heat and fire, they expand to form a thick, relatively flame-retardant, insulating material
Implementation Method 2
microcapsules with propellant gas, which expands to form a dimensionally stable, adhesive, and insulating layer
Implementation Method 3
in the event of a fire there is only a small release of cooling moisture
Implementation Method 4
higher water content, which in the event of a fire removes heat from the fire source by evaporating this water
Implementation Method 5
at least one component that supports the ceramization of the composition at elevated temperatures
Implementation Method 6
the composition achieves improved fire protection with higher water content, stable adhesion
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to water glass-based compositions and to the use thereof.