Water Injection Assembly for Combustion Engine Knocking Suppression
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing water injection systems for internal combustion engines face issues with misfiring during non-stationary operation at low engine speeds and freezing at low ambient temperatures, and require additional measures to prevent thermal overload and accommodate direct water injection, which complicates spray geometry and increases costs.
Innovation Solution
A method and system where water is injected into the air intake system, with a pump and injectors that reverse direction to prevent freezing, and a water tank connected to the engine's cooling system and air conditioning system to maintain operation, ensuring safe and reliable engine performance by controlling water injection based on knocking combustion and ambient temperature.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If water is injected directly into the combustion chamber, then knocking combustion is suppressed, but the injector experiences thermal overload and spray geometry is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The system separates the water injection function from the fuel injection function by using a dedicated water injection system with separate nozzles, pumps, and control units. This segmentation allows the water injection system to be optimized independently for knocking suppression without compromising the fuel injection system's thermal management.
Solution Approach 2:
The water injection system acts as an intermediary mechanism between the engine control unit and the combustion chamber. By injecting water directly into the combustion chamber under precise control, it mediates the thermal conditions to prevent knocking while avoiding direct thermal exposure to the fuel injection components.
2Reliability
If water is injected as a petrol-water mixture, then knocking is suppressed, but misfiring occurs at low engine speeds due to uncontrollable water rate
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates feedback control mechanisms where the engine control unit continuously monitors engine operating parameters (speed, load, temperature) and dynamically adjusts the water injection rate accordingly. This feedback loop ensures precise water rate control across all engine operating conditions, preventing misfiring at low speeds while maintaining knocking suppression at high loads.
Solution Approach 2:
The water injection system employs dynamic control strategies where injection parameters (rate, timing, duration) are continuously adjusted based on real-time engine operating conditions. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize water delivery for knocking suppression while avoiding excessive water rates that could cause misfiring during transient or low-speed operation.
3Adaptability or versatility
If water is stored in the water tank at low ambient temperatures, then the system is ready for operation, but the water freezes and damages the injection system
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the physical state parameter of water by incorporating an antifreeze agent (typically ethylene glycol or propylene glycol) into the water tank, lowering the freezing point of the liquid mixture. This parameter change allows the system to operate reliably in sub-zero ambient temperatures without risk of freezing damage to injection components.
Solution Approach 2:
The system provides beforehand protection against freezing by pre-filling the water tank with antifreeze solution and incorporating insulation or heating elements in the water storage and delivery system. This prior cushioning measure ensures the water remains liquid and flowable even when exposed to low ambient temperatures before injection occurs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for safe and reliable operation by reducing exhaust gas temperature, preventing freezing, and maintaining engine performance across varying conditions, while minimizing the risk of misfiring and thermal overload.
Implementation Method 1
the evaporation of the water takes place completely or almost completely within the cylinder and thus within a combustion chamber. This is accompanied by the greatest possible cooling of the combustion air inside the cylinder
Implementation Method 2
the evaporation of the water takes place completely or almost completely within the cylinder and thus within a combustion chamber. This is accompanied by the greatest possible cooling of the combustion air inside the cylinder
Implementation Method 3
The pumping direction of the water injection system pump is reversed. At the same time, the water injectors are opened. In this way, the pump delivers the remaining water within the water injection system into the water tank.
Implementation Method 4
water is injected into the air intake system of the internal combustion engine by at least one water injector of the water injection system
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
The invention relates to a water injection system (1) for an internal combustion engine (6), comprising a water tank (2), at least one pump (3) and at least one water injector (4), wherein water can be pumped from the water tank (2) to the water injector (4) by the pump (3) and water can be injected into an air intake system (5) of the internal combustion engine (6) by the water injector (4).