Electromagnetic Wave Spectrum Subtraction for Accurate Baselines
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for obtaining a baseline in frequency spectra are cumbersome, inaccurate, or time-consuming, particularly due to differences in pulse reflection between signal and reference paths, or fluctuations over time.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnetic wave measuring apparatus that acquires and subtracts frequency spectra of background and response components using dual-comb or pump-probe methods to isolate the baseline, eliminating the need for separate reference paths or polynomial approximations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If a reference path different from the signal path is used to obtain a baseline, then the baseline can be obtained without removing gas from the gas cell, but the baseline accuracy deteriorates due to differences in pulse reflection conditions between paths
Solution Approach 1:
The signal is segmented into two components: the first signal containing both background and response components, and the second signal containing only the background component. By processing these segmented signals separately and then subtracting, the baseline can be obtained accurately without requiring a separate reference path or gas removal, thus resolving the contradiction between time efficiency and accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If polynomial approximation is used for each narrower frequency range to obtain a baseline, then the baseline accuracy is improved, but the operational complexity increases due to repeated approximation processes
Solution Approach 1:
The background component is extracted from the signal by acquiring a second signal that contains only the background component (without the response component from the measuring target). This extracted background is then subtracted from the first signal to obtain the baseline, eliminating the need for complex polynomial approximation processes while maintaining accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If gas is removed from the gas cell to obtain a baseline, then the baseline can be obtained without path differences, but the process becomes time consuming and the baseline may fluctuate due to time lapse
Solution Approach 1:
The background component is acquired in advance through a second signal measurement that captures only the background without the response component. This preliminary acquisition of the background allows for immediate subtraction from the first signal, eliminating the need for time-consuming gas removal and preventing baseline fluctuations due to time lapse.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates accurate and efficient acquisition of the baseline, allowing precise measurement of absorption depths and concentrations without requiring additional paths or time-consuming approximations.
Implementation Method 1
a first frequency spectrum acquiring section arranged to acquire a frequency spectrum of a first signal that includes the background component and the response component of the post-irradiation electromagnetic wave
Data Source
AI summary
An electromagnetic wave measuring apparatus irradiates an irradiation target having a measuring target with a pre-irradiation electromagnetic wave and, based on a post-irradiation electromagnetic wave obtained, measures the measuring target. The post-irradiation electromagnetic wave has a response component from the measuring target and a background component corresponding to the pre-irradiation electromagnetic wave. The electromagnetic wave measuring apparatus includes a first frequency spectrum acquiring section, a second frequency spectrum acquiring section, and a subtracting section. The first frequency spectrum acquiring section acquires a frequency spectrum of a first signal that includes the background component and the response component of the post-irradiation electromagnetic wave. The second frequency spectrum acquiring section acquires a frequency spectrum of a second signal that includes the background component of the post-irradiation electromagnetic wave. The subtracting section subtracts the frequency spectrum of the second signal from the frequency spectrum of the first signal.