Arbitrary Waveform Generator for Neural Stimulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing neural stimulators are limited to simple waveform shapes, such as rectangular or exponential, which restrict the ability to selectively target specific nerve fibers for stimulation, and require DC blocking capacitors for charge balancing, leading to inefficiencies and potential tissue damage.
Innovation Solution
A device capable of generating complex waveforms with adjustable amplitudes and pulsewidths, and inherently balancing stimulation waveforms to prevent direct current flow, thereby eliminating the need for DC blocking capacitors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If simple waveform shapes (rectangular or exponential) are used in neural stimulators, then the device complexity is reduced and circuitry is simplified, but the ability to selectively target specific nerve fibers is limited and therapeutic benefit is decreased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by allowing dynamic adjustment of waveform characteristics including shape, amplitude, pulse width, and phase duration. The stimulator can switch between different waveform configurations (rectangular, exponential, custom shapes) by modifying electrical parameters, enabling selective nerve fiber targeting without requiring multiple dedicated circuits for each waveform type.
2Reliability
If DC blocking capacitors are used for charge balancing, then direct current flow is prevented and tissue damage is avoided, but the device complexity increases and energy efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service through active charge balancing algorithms that automatically calculate and apply the precise charge recovery phase needed to neutralize the stimulation phase charge. The system monitors its own output and adjusts the waveform parameters to achieve net zero charge delivery, eliminating the need for external DC blocking capacitors and their associated complexity.
3Reliability
If traditional charge recovery phases (exponential or rectangular) are used, then the circuit implementation is simplified, but the precision of charge balancing is reduced and tissue safety is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the charge balancing algorithm continuously monitors the stimulation phase charge delivery and uses this information to precisely control the charge recovery phase. This closed-loop approach ensures accurate charge neutralization and enhances tissue safety by preventing charge accumulation, while the computational feedback replaces complex hardware circuits.
4Adaptability or versatility
If arbitrary waveform shapes are implemented, then selective nerve fiber stimulation is improved and therapeutic benefit is increased, but the energy consumption increases and battery life is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes energy consumption through parameter changes by allowing dynamic adjustment of waveform amplitude, pulse width, and phase duration based on therapeutic requirements. The system can use lower amplitudes with optimized pulse widths or shorter durations when using complex waveforms, balancing the increased adaptability with energy efficiency to extend battery life.
Data Source
AI summary
A method, device and/or system for generating arbitrary waveforms of a desired shape that can be used for generating a stimulation pulse for medical purposes such as for spinal cord stimulation therapy, including the option of using such arbitrary waveforms for charge balancing purposes.