Wavefront Reconstruction for Irregular Pupils
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for calculating personalized ablation patterns for refractive corrections are indirect and prone to errors, especially when dealing with irregularly shaped pupils and opacity in the ocular optical system, leading to suboptimal refractive correction procedures.
Innovation Solution
A method using direct integration algorithms for reconstructing the wavefront, capable of handling irregularly shaped pupils and detecting opacity, which allows for real-time processing and improved detection of aberrations, enabling the creation of a refractive power map extending to the entire entrance pupil.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If mathematical modelling through Zernike polynomials is used to calculate ablation patterns, then refractive correction can be performed, but the method is indirect and prone to errors especially with irregular pupils and opacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces indirect mathematical modelling (Zernike polynomials) with direct optical measurement. A laser beam is focused through the ocular optical system onto the retina, and the reflected light is captured to directly measure wavefront aberrations, eliminating the need for complex mathematical approximations and improving accuracy especially for irregular pupils and opaque regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a direct optical copy of the wavefront by focusing light through the eye's optical system and capturing the reflected light pattern. This direct copying method preserves all wavefront information including irregularities and opacity effects, rather than relying on simplified mathematical models that lose information.
2Productivity
If direct integration algorithms are used to reconstruct wavefront, then real-time processing is enabled and computing complexity is reduced, but the method requires handling irregularly shaped pupils and opacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the pupil into multiple regions including irregularly shaped segments and opaque regions. The direct integration algorithm processes each segment independently, allowing real-time computation while accurately representing the complex pupil geometry and opacity distribution without requiring complex global models.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the mathematical approach from series expansion coefficients to direct integration of wavefront gradients. This parameter transformation enables real-time processing by converting the complex inverse problem into a more straightforward integration process that can be computed quickly even for irregular pupils.
3Adaptability or versatility
If Zernike fitting is used to model ocular surface, then regular cornea shapes can be handled, but irregularly shaped pupils cannot be processed accurately
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a dynamic adaptation approach where the measurement and reconstruction algorithm automatically adjusts to the actual pupil shape and opacity distribution. The direct integration method processes wavefront data point-by-point across the irregular pupil boundary, allowing precise aberration mapping for any pupil geometry rather than requiring fixed circular assumptions.
4Measurement precision
If mathematical series development is used to reconstruct wavefront, then aberration calculation is possible, but detection of details and tracking of normal progression is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent maintains continuous tracking of wavefront normals through direct integration of gradient information across the entire pupil. This continuous approach preserves all wavefront detail information by integrating local slope data throughout the optical path, preventing information loss that occurs with discrete polynomial coefficient fitting.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces computing complexity, enhances detail detection, and provides real-time aberration monitoring during surgical interventions, optimizing refractive corrections and lens implantation procedures.
Implementation Method 1
a laser for focusing light onto a retina of a patient
Implementation Method 2
measuring aberrations of an ocular optical system
Implementation Method 3
detecting a light portion reflected by the retina
Implementation Method 4
sensor for detecting a light portion reflected by the retina
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention refers in general to the measurement of aberrations of the optical system (E) of a living being, in particular human. More specifically, the invention refers to methods and systems for reconstructing a wavefront (W(z,p)) and/or for constructing a refracting error map.