Waveguide Antenna Layout With Absorbers for EIRP and Sensitivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna systems face a trade-off between increasing antenna gain for improved receiver sensitivity and adhering to EIRP regulations, where higher gains can exceed regulatory limits, while lower gains compromise sensitivity, and detection accuracy is affected by multiple reflections, especially at close measurement distances.
Innovation Solution
The antenna apparatus incorporates a radio wave absorber on the transmitting path to attenuate transmitted waves and a separate absorber to absorb multiple reflections, while maintaining high receiver sensitivity by positioning these absorbers strategically to avoid obstructing the direct wave paths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antenna gain is increased to improve receiver sensitivity, then receiver sensitivity is improved, but EIRP exceeds regulatory limits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the waveguide space into multiple regions by strategically placing radio wave absorbers at specific positions. The first absorber is positioned to affect transmitted waves while the second absorber is positioned to affect reflected waves, creating segmented functional zones within the waveguide structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies radio wave absorbers with specific properties at specific locations within the waveguide. The absorbers are positioned to have different effects on different wave paths - the first absorber on the transmitted wave path and the second absorber on the reflected wave path, creating local quality variations to achieve different functional outcomes.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If antenna gain is decreased to suppress EIRP increase, then EIRP is suppressed, but receiver sensitivity is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of multiple reflections, which normally degrade detection accuracy, into a beneficial control mechanism. By placing the second radio wave absorber at a specific position, the patent selectively absorbs reflected waves that would otherwise create interference, thereby improving detection accuracy without affecting the main transmitted signal path.
3Measurement precision
If radio wave absorber is placed to absorb multiple reflections, then detection accuracy is improved, but direct wave paths may be obstructed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent solves the spatial conflict between absorber placement and direct wave paths by utilizing the three-dimensional space within the waveguide. The absorbers are positioned at specific coordinates (first absorber at position P1, second absorber at position P2) that allow them to intercept reflected waves while maintaining clearance from the direct transmission path between the antenna and target.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively suppresses EIRP increases, enhances receiver sensitivity, and improves detection accuracy by minimizing multiple reflections, allowing for accurate distance measurement without exceeding regulatory limits.
Implementation Method 1
a first radio wave absorber disposed on the first aperture side in a space surrounded by the first inner wall surface
Implementation Method 2
a lens that controls power distribution at an aperture of the second horn
Implementation Method 3
a second radio wave absorber disposed inside the waveguide
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B
Figure 1C
AI summary
An antenna apparatus capable of suppressing an increase in EIRP and achieving good radio wave receiver sensitivity is provided. An antenna apparatus includes a board, an integrated circuit chip including a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, the integrated circuit chip being mounted on the board, a waveguide having a first aperture provided on the board side and surrounding the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in aperture view, a second aperture provided on a rear side with respect to the first aperture in a radiation direction of the transmitting antenna, and a first inner wall surface connecting the first aperture and the second aperture, a radio wave lens fixed to the second aperture, and a first radio wave absorber disposed on the first aperture side in a space surrounded by the first inner wall surface. At least part of the first radio wave absorber is located inside a first path of a first direct wave that is radiated from the transmitting antenna, directly reaches the radio wave lens, and passes through the radio wave lens, and the first radio wave absorber is located outside a second path of a second direct wave that passes through the radio wave lens and directly reaches the receiving antenna.