Waveguide Connecting Structure for Orthogonal Signal Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional waveguide bends fail to couple high-frequency signals between waveguides with orthogonal axis directions, as they require parallel electric and magnetic field planes, leading to signal cutoff when trying to connect waveguides with different plane orientations.
Innovation Solution
A waveguide connecting structure that includes a third waveguide with coupling windows and shorted planes, allowing for parallel alignment of electric and magnetic field planes between waveguides, enabling the transmission of high-frequency signals by interposing the third waveguide between waveguides with orthogonal axis directions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If waveguides are connected with orthogonal axis directions using conventional waveguide bend structure, then the waveguide connection is achieved, but the high-frequency signal coupling fails due to mode mismatch
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary waveguide section between two waveguides with orthogonal axis directions. This intermediary waveguide has its axis direction rotated 45 degrees relative to both connected waveguides, serving as a mediator that enables gradual mode transformation and signal coupling between the orthogonal waveguides, avoiding direct mode mismatch connection
2Shape
If waveguides are connected so that H-planes are parallel, then structural alignment is achieved, but signal coupling fails due to higher-order mode cutoff
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric orientation of the intermediary waveguide at 45 degrees relative to the connected orthogonal waveguides, rather than symmetric parallel alignment. This asymmetric configuration enables progressive mode transformation through the sequence TE10→TE01→TE10, allowing signal coupling that would be blocked by symmetric parallel H-plane alignment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the coupling and transmission of high-frequency signals between waveguides with non-parallel electric and magnetic field planes, functioning as a power divider and overcoming signal cutoff issues, allowing for efficient signal propagation and branching.
Implementation Method 1
When a high-frequency signal of a TE10 mode is inputted from one of the waveguides, the high-frequency signal is brought into a TM mode having an electric field component in the waveguide axis direction, with respect to the other one of the waveguides
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a waveguide connecting structure, including first, second, third and fourth waveguides. A first coupling window at one of magnetic field planes of the third waveguide couples the first and third waveguides in such a manner that the electric field planes of both are in parallel. A second coupling window formed at one of the electric field planes of the third waveguide couples the second and third waveguides in such a manner that the electric field planes of the second waveguide is in parallel with the magnetic field planes of the first waveguide. A third coupling window formed at the other one of the electric field planes couples the fourth and third waveguides in such a manner that the electric field planes of the fourth waveguide is in parallel with the magnetic field planes of the first waveguide.