Dual Polarized Waveguide Antenna Beamwidth Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dual polarized base station antennas face challenges in achieving equal azimuth beamwidths of 120 degrees for both vertical and horizontal polarizations, with dual slant polarizations resulting in reduced polarization diversity and poor port-to-port isolation due to non-orthogonal array elements.
Innovation Solution
A structure comprising a dipole antenna and a slot antenna of equal dimensions, or a waveguide with adjustable plates, to achieve a wide E-plane half power beamwidth, maintaining orthogonal polarizations and high isolation between ports by adjusting the angle and length of the plates to control impedance and beamwidth.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If dual slant polarizations are used to achieve 120 degree azimuth beamwidth, then beamwidth coverage is improved, but polarization diversity and port-to-port isolation deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric positioning of dipole and slot antennas relative to the waveguide structure. The dipole is positioned at a specific offset distance from the waveguide center, while the slot is positioned symmetrically on the opposite side. This asymmetric configuration creates orthogonal radiation patterns that maintain 120-degree beamwidth while preserving polarization diversity and port isolation, resolving the contradiction between coverage area and signal quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from planar dual-slant polarization to a three-dimensional configuration using complementary dipole and slot antennas positioned in different spatial dimensions. The dipole extends in one dimension while the slot extends perpendicular to it, creating orthogonal radiation patterns that achieve both wide beamwidth and high isolation by utilizing spatial dimensionality rather than relying on slant angle adjustments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables dual polarized antennas to maintain orthogonal polarizations across the sector, achieving high isolation and optimal polarization diversity with adjustable beamwidths, overcoming the limitations of existing designs.
Implementation Method 1
Radiation emitted from the slot antenna can include a wide E-plane half power beamwidth. The dipole antenna can emit a radiation pattern, the slot antenna can emit a radiation pattern
Implementation Method 2
The waveguide can be defined by a plurality of waveguide walls, and the back plane can be connected to one end of each of the plurality of waveguide walls to short the waveguide
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus and method are provided for producing a wide E-plane half power beamwidth. The apparatus can include a dipole antenna and a complimentary slot antenna in an infinite ground plane. The apparatus can also include a waveguide with surrounding structure that can be adjusted to produce the desired half power beamwidth.